%\iffalse         THIS IS A META COMMENT -*- TeX -*- -*- DTX -*-
% File: merlin.mbs
%% Copyright 1994-2007 Patrick W Daly
% Max-Planck-Institut f\"ur Sonnensystemforschung
% Max-Planck-Str. 2
% D-37191 Katlenburg-Lindau
% Germany
% E-mail: daly@mps.mpg.de
%
% This program can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
% of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
% archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
% version 1 of the License, or any later version.
%
% It is part of the custom-bib collection,
%   a contribution to the LaTeX2e system.
%====================================================================
%       Master  Bibliography  Style
%    for customizing bibliographic style files (.bst)
%    with the help of     docstrip.tex
%    and the auxiliary program     makebst.tex
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%   (See version and date in the \ProvidesFile command below)
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%    This file supports numerical and author-year citation styles
%        for natbib, harvard, astronom, authordate, apalike
%    It also supports languages other than English
%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%    This file is self-documenting: simply LaTeX it!
%  (Alternatively, extract documentation driver with option `driver')
%====================================================================
%
%<*!tail>
% (The following notice appears in bst files generated from this file)
 % ===============================================================
 % IMPORTANT NOTICE:
 % This bibliographic style (bst) file has been generated from one or
 % more master bibliographic style (mbs) files, listed above.
 %
 % This generated file can be redistributed and/or modified under the terms
 % of the LaTeX Project Public License Distributed from CTAN
 % archives in directory macros/latex/base/lppl.txt; either
 % version 1 of the License, or any later version.
 % ===============================================================
 % Name and version information of the main mbs file:
%\fi
 % \ProvidesFile{merlin.mbs}[2007/04/24 4.20 (PWD, AO, DPC)]
%\iffalse
%</!tail>
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% The following ensures that the driver part is not seen by makebst
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% \changes{1.0}{1993 Aug 16}{Initial version}
% \changes{2.0}{1994 Jan 31}{Add multilingual capabilities}
% \changes{2.1--2.5}{1995 May 2}{Changes to \texttt{babel.mbs} parallel 1.3--1.7
%    in \texttt{genbst.mbs}}
% \changes{1.3(2.1)}{1994 Jul 1}{Change documentation to \LaTeXe}
% \changes{1.3(2.1)a}{1994 Sep 1}{Alter wording of article title capitalization
%          choice}
% \changes{1.4(2.2)}{1994 Sep 5}{Add full author name possibilities}
% \changes{1.4(2.2)}{1994 Sep 5}{Fix up some punctuations}
% \changes{1.4(2.2)a}{1994 Sep 7}{Add possibility to put titles in quotes}
% \changes{1.5(2.3)}{1994 Sep 15}{Accommodate new \texttt{harvard.sty}}
% \changes{1.5(2.3)}{1994 Sep 15}{Add full names for \texttt{natbib} v5.3}
% \changes{1.5(2.3)a}{1994 Oct 11}{Add option so year can contain any text}
% \changes{1.5(2.3)b}{1995 Jan 18}{Allow edited by to be in parentheses}
% \changes{1.5(2.3)b}{1995 Jan 18}{Allow (year) to have no punctuation
%     following}
% \changes{1.5(2.3)c}{1995 Jan 20}{Journal volume numbers with more choice}
% \changes{1.6(2.4)}{1995 Feb 2}{Date with no punctuation preceding it}
% \changes{1.6(2.4)}{1995 Feb 2}{Editor names can be reversed like authors'}
% \changes{1.6(2.4)}{1995 Feb 2}{Can abbreviate `edited by' to `ed(s).'}
% \changes{1.6(2.4)}{1995 Feb 2}{Released version}
% \changes{1.7(2.5)}{1995 Feb 9}{Add \texttt{seq-key} option}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 15}{Becomes \texttt{merlin.mbs}, with language
%      support in additional files}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Feb 27}{Allow full author names to be reversed}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 1}{Add \texttt{isbn} field option}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 3}{Citation names can be bold or small caps}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 8}{Colon and space may follow year}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 15}{Names can be reversed, dotless intials}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 17}{Volume, number can be followed by semi-colon}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 20}{Allow word editor or ed to be in parentheses}
% \changes{3.0}{1995 Mar 20}{Abbreviated journal names can have dots removed}
% \changes{3.1}{1995 May 4}{Fix `edited by' so it is not abbreviated
%         automatically with `editor'}
% \changes{3.1}{1995 May 6}{Re-do head/tail options to allow easy update of
%         older \texttt{.dbj} files}
% \changes{3.2}{1995 May 19}{Minimum number of authors can be up to 6, not  5}
% \changes{3.2}{1995 May 19}{Allow date as part of journal spec., for medical
%         journals}
% \changes{3.2}{1995 May 19}{Suppress `pages' and `pp'}
% \changes{3.2}{1995 May 19}{Allow date to be `1994 Jul', with or without dot}
% \changes{3.2}{1995 Jun 7}{Authors as Jones C.T.}
% \changes{3.2}{1995 Jun 16}{Sort without \emph{von} part}
% \changes{3.2}{1995 Jul 31}{Release as version 3.2}
% \changes{3.3}{1995 Aug 7}{Extra labels put in braces so they are treated
%     as one unit by natbib}
% \changes{3.3}{1995 Aug 7}{Publisher's address can precede name}
% \changes{3.3}{1995 Sep 4}{Add full authors only if different from short list}
% \changes{3.4}{1995 Sep 5}{Add number of references as argument to
%      \texttt{thebibliography} environment}
% \changes{3.4}{1995 Sep 28}{Fix placement of \texttt{bolden} in
%      \texttt{format.vol.num.pages}}
% \changes{3.4}{1995 Sep 28}{Add possibility of date between volume and pages}
% \changes{3.4}{1995 Sep 28}{Word `and' can be in normal font in citations}
% \changes{3.5}{1995 Oct 4}{Tech Reports to have titles like books}
% \changes{3.5}{1995 Oct 9}{Delimit \texttt{\char`\\harvardyearright} properly}
% \changes{3.5}{1995 Oct 9}{Add option to sort by year (numerical only)}
% \changes{3.5}{1995 Oct 12}{Allow multiple journal-name files}
% \changes{3.5}{1995 Oct 16}{Allow months in dates even for author-year}
% \changes{3.5}{1995 Oct 24}{Fix sorting bug for limited number of authors}
% \changes{3.5}{1995 Oct 30}{Add \texttt{named} format for author--year cites}
% \changes{3.6}{1995 Nov 2}{Blocks can be separated by semi-colons}
% \changes{3.6}{1995 Nov 23}{Journal names in normal font}
% \changes{3.6}{1995 Nov 23}{Volume subnumber added to pages}
% \changes{3.6}{1995 Nov 24}{Book pages in parentheses}
% \changes{3.6}{1995 Dec 7}{Put Jr at end for AGU author style}
% \changes{3.6}{1995 Dec 7}{Put `and' in same font in list and citation}
% \changes{3.6}{1996 Jan 30}{Allow `et al' to be in normal font}
% \changes{3.6a}{1996 Feb 1}{Fix bugs with \texttt{xand} option}
% \changes{3.7}{1996 Feb 2}{Fix small caps with NFSS}
% \changes{3.7}{1996 Feb 5}{Fix clash of \texttt{emphasize} and
%      \texttt{purify\$}}
% \changes{3.8}{1996 Feb 29}{Add \texttt{alpha}-type style}
% \changes{3.8}{1996 Mar 1}{Style alpha is never unsorted}
% \changes{3.8}{1996 Mar 12}{Allow blanks between blocks}
% \changes{3.8}{1996 Mar 12}{Publisher in parentheses}
% \changes{3.8}{1996 Mar 15}{Allow author-year to be sorted by year}
% \changes{3.8}{1996 Mar 16}{Cited `and' resets only one attribute}
% \changes{3.8}{1996 Mar 19}{Allow date to be between volume and number}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Jun 17}{Add \texttt{\char`\\natexlab} for \texttt{natbib} 6.3}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Jun 19}{Fix coding for adding `page' to journals}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Jun 19}{Add `volume' to journals}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Jun 19}{Remove word `in'}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Jun 19}{Place publisher before chapter/pages}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Jun 25}{Allow period after date}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Jun 26}{Commas between blocks, except for article titles
%         where period comes}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Sep 12}{Allow comma before date}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Sep 13}{Reorganize incollection organization and
%             publisher}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Sep 13}{Allow edition to come before publisher}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Sep 16}{Allow author--year to be in citation order}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Sep 16}{Publisher, address, date can all be in
%            parentheses}
% \changes{3.81}{1996 Sep 18}{Remove extraneous hyphen before
%           \texttt{\char`\\getans}}
% \changes{3.82}{1996 Nov 15}{Allow pages at end before notes}
% \changes{3.82}{1996 Nov 15}{Fix bug with quoted titles when title missing}
% \changes{3.82}{1996 Dec 16}{Fix bug that put comma before publisher in
%           parentheses}
% \changes{3.82}{1996 Dec 16}{Allow AGU author style with full names}
% \changes{3.83}{1997 Feb 5}{Allow dash for repeated authors, periods
%   before notes}
% \changes{3.83}{1997 Apr 25}{Change case of first note word if mid-sentence}
% \changes{3.84}{1997 Sep 16}{Option to break long page numbers}
% \changes{3.84}{1997 Oct 20}{Option for titles in guillemets}
% \changes{3.84}{1997 Oct 20}{Option to use underlining for emphasis}
% \changes{3.84}{1997 Oct 30}{Reorganize options for year in journal spec}
% \changes{3.84}{1997 Oct 30}{Multiple options in menu}
% \changes{3.85}{1998 Feb 10}{Fonts for names: can exclude first names,
% use-defined font allowed, improved coding for `and' and `et~al.'}
% \changes{3.86}{1998 Feb 25}{Use \texttt{format.date} consistently in place
%   of \texttt{year} alone}
% \changes{3.86}{1998 Feb 25}{Suppress ISBN number when certain crossrefs
%    are present}
% \changes{3.86}{1998 Feb 25}{Add option for comma between year and pages}
% \changes{3.86}{1998 Apr 20}{Bug with minimum 6 authors corrected}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Jul 23}{Add \texttt{url} field for all styles}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Jul 23}{Suppress months in numerical mode}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Jul 23}{Author limitation now 99}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Jul 23}{Add \texttt{annote} field and annotation}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Aug 17}{Add \texttt{issn} field}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Aug 17}{Correct spelling of `guillimet'}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Aug 17}{Make \textsl{et~al.} a variable \texttt{bbl.etal}}
% \changes{3.87}{1998 Aug 17}{Add \texttt{language} field}
% \changes{3.87h}{1998 Oct 16}{Add html output possibilities}
% \changes{3.88}{1998 Nov 27}{Option to suppress edition conversion in English}
% \changes{3.88}{1998 Dec 2}{Conf. booktitles are upright if book titles are}
% \changes{3.88}{1998 Dec 2}{Various extra options for book pages,
%         inproceedings, mainly for MPG Jahrbuch}
% \changes{3.88}{1998 Jan 13}{For html, newblock just adds period, no new line}
% \changes{3.88}{1999 Feb 1}{Do edition suppression properly}
% \changes{3.88}{1999 Feb 26}{Fix font handling of names}
% \changes{3.88}{1999 Feb 26}{Test for multipages for word `page(s)' in journals}
% \changes{3.89}{1999 May 12}{Missing years may be left blank, not just ????}
% \changes{3.89}{1999 May 12}{When key replaces author, leave year blank}
% \changes{3.89d1}{1999 Jul 20}{AO: %Arthur Ogawa (ogawa@teleport.com)
%      Add new entries: collaboration, eid, eprint, numpages, per option
%      \texttt{revdata}}
% \changes{3.89d1}{1999 Jul 20}{AO: Add reference component tags (\texttt{bibinfo}
%      and friends)}
% \changes{4.00}{1999 Sept 17}{PWD: incorporate AO's changes with moderations}
% \changes{4.00}{2000 Jan 21}{PWD: add \texttt{archive} field}
% \changes{4.01}{2000 May 4}{PWD: Fix improper \texttt{change.case\$} and
%     \texttt{bibinfo.check} ordering}
% \changes{4.02}{2000 June 27}{Fix bug with `in' with articles}
% \changes{4.03}{2002 Jan 14}{PWD: add \texttt{seq-yrr} for reversed year ordering}
% \changes{4.03}{2002 Jan 14}{PWD: add \texttt{thtit-x} to suppress thesis titles}
% \changes{4.03}{2002 Jan 14}{PWD: add line to define \texttt{natexlab} in aux file for harvard}
% \changes{4.03}{2002 Jan 14}{PWD: bug fix when both \texttt{pp-last} and \texttt{dt-jnl} given}
% \changes{4.04}{2002 Sep 13}{PWD: add support for Slovene/Slovenian language}
% \changes{4.05}{2002 Oct 21}{PWD: bug fix in \texttt{inproceedings} with
%         \texttt{pp-last} and \texttt{dt-beg}}
% \changes{4.06}{2003 Apr 2}{PWD: add \texttt{nmd-2} and \texttt{nmd-3} for use with \texttt{nmdash}}
% \changes{4.10}{2003 May 28}{PWD: add DOI}
% \changes{4.10}{2003 June 3}{PWD: use \texttt{\protect\bslash providecommand}
%    instead of \TeX\ commands, but provide \texttt{noprov} option to undo it.}
% \changes{4.10}{2003 June 3}{PWD: make \texttt{eid} available not just for Rev\TeX}
% \changes{4.10}{2003 June 11}{PWD: add \texttt{pg-pre} for total book pages location}
% \changes{4.11}{2003 June 23}{PWD: fix DOI to have no space after colon}
% \changes{4.11}{2003 June 23}{PWD: add options \texttt{ser-vol} and \texttt{ser-ed}}
% \changes{4.11a}{2003 Aug 19}{PWD: fix bug with \texttt{ser-ed} option}
% \changes{4.12}{2003 Sep 8}{PWD: rename \texttt{noprov} to \texttt{plntx} for Plain \TeX\ compatibility}
% \changes{4.12a}{2003 Nov 6}{PWD: fix bug in which comma separators go on wrong side; change was
%                             originally made in \texttt{makebst} but not in \texttt{merlin}}
% \changes{4.13}{2004 Feb 9}{PWD: fix some bugs in \texttt{inbook} and \texttt{incollection}}
% \changes{4.13}{2004 Feb 9}{PWD: add option \texttt{nm-rvcx}}
% \changes{4.13}{2004 Feb 9}{PWD: add option \texttt{tit-col} for colon after titles}
% \changes{4.14}{2005 Oct 17}{PWD: add option \texttt{nm-rvvc}, spaceless initials with comma}
% \changes{4.14}{2005 Oct 17}{PWD: add option \texttt{etal-xc} to suppress comma before et al.}
% \changes{4.15}{2006 Jan 4}{PWD: add option \texttt{pres} for conference talks, presentations}
% \changes{4.16}{2006 Feb 15}{PWD: fix bug in \texttt{proceedings} that suppress number/series at times}
% \changes{4.20}{2007 Apr 23}{PWD: add option to allow more than one author in cites before et al.}
% \changes{4.20}{2007 Apr 24}{PWD: allow variable number of authors before truncating citation}
%
% \pagestyle{myheadings}
% \markboth{P. W. Daly}{A General Master Bibliography Style}
%
% \title{{\bfseries A Master Bibliographic Style File}\\
%      for numerical, author--year, multilingual applications}
%
% \author{Patrick W. Daly}
%
% \GetFileInfo{merlin.mbs}
% \date{This paper describes file \texttt{\filename},\\
%  version \fileversion{} from \filedate
%   \thanks{Work on \texttt{custom-bib}~4.00 was supported by the
%          American Physical Society}}
%
% \maketitle
%
% \MakeShortVerb{\|}
%
% \parskip=1ex \parindent=0pt
%
% \newcommand{\btx}{{\sc Bib}\TeX}
% \newcommand{\dtx}{\textsf{docstrip}}
%
% \section{Introduction}
% A problem facing users of \btx{} is that there is no standard for
% formatting lists of references. Publishers and journals insist
% on completely arbitrary placement of commas, colons, and ordering of
% entries. Furthermore, author--year styles of citations are supported by
% certain special \LaTeX{} packages, but each for only a very limited
% number of bibliographic styles. Finally, most such style files are for
% English only, and any adaptations to other languages must duplicate the
% entire spectrum of such files.
%
% All of these obstacles are in principle easily overcome by simply
% reprogramming \btx{} by means of an appropriate \emph{bibliographic style
% file} (extension \texttt{.bst}). \btx{} is in fact extremely flexible;
% unfortunately its programming language is very low-level, permitting only
% the most basic of hacks for the normal user.
%
% The solution to this is a \emph{generic} or \emph{master bibliographic
% style file} (extension \texttt{.mbs}) containing \dtx{} options for
% alternative coding. By selecting the desired options, one can customize a
% \texttt{.bst} file to one's needs.
%
% This file, \texttt{\filename}, is my latest version of a general-purpose
% \texttt{.mbs} file to meet as many bibliographic needs as possible.
% It was originally assembled from Oren Patashnik's standard files {\tt
% plain.bst} and \texttt{unsrt.bst}, plus his non-standard file {\tt
% apalike.bst}, a very basic author--year citation style.
% It has since evolved extensively as I have added features found in
% available \texttt{.bst} files, and those demanded by publishers or
% suggested to me by many user/contributors.
%
% To produce a customized bibliographic style (\texttt{.bst}) file from this
% master file, simply \TeX{} or \LaTeX{} the `program' \texttt{makebst.tex}.
% When asked for the name of the master file, answer with
% \begin{quote}\tt\filename\end{quote}
% and then reply to the questions in the following menus. The last question
% is whether you want to generate the \texttt{.bst} file right away.
%
% More details on this process and on the options available are to be found
% in the rest of this article.
%
% \section{History of this File}
%
% Since the first release of this generic file, in November 1993, under the
% name \texttt{genbst.mbs}, I have received innumerable
% suggestions for additions, most of which I have tried to include. Often
% this has resulted in reorganizing the coding, and adding new functions.
% The resulting \texttt{.bst} files are now quite different from those of
% Patashnik, although the underlying ideas are the same.
%
% A second version was released shortly afterwards that paralleled the first
% one except that it included support for languages other than English.
% That file was named \texttt{babel.mbs}, following the \texttt{babel}
% system of Johannes Braams. Although I always viewed it as version 2 of
% \texttt{genbst.mbs}, all additions to the one were also included in the
% other. This of course was tedious and prone to error. I looked forward to
% the day when \texttt{babel.mbs} would become the only supported version.
% The reason I was reluctant to do that before was that the overhead per
% language was fairly high, and I dreaded to think how large the file would
% become when 20 or 30 languages were added.
%
% I then found a way to put the language definitions into separate files,
% one per language. This means that new languages do not burden the basic
% file, and that users need only keep those support files that might
% interest him or her. New ones may also be made up locally by hacking an
% existing language definition file. (The file \texttt{english.mbs} is
% supplied only for this purpose.)
%
% For this reason, \texttt{\filename} was released as version~3 of
% \texttt{genbst.mbs} and \texttt{babel.mbs}. In spite of the new name, it
% should be regarded as their direct successor. Needless to say, this means
% that the earlier two \texttt{.mbs} files will no longer be maintained.
%
% To include language support, all explicit English words like
% \textsl{editor} and \textsl{chapter} have been replaced by functions
% whose definitions may be altered in the resulting \texttt{.bst} file
% (less desirable method) or which may be redefined by an external
% language definition file (preferred method).  Alternatively, one can select
% the pseudo-language named \texttt{babel} which inserts \LaTeX{} commands
% for the explicit words, the definitions of which must be
% contained in a file called {\tt babelbst.tex}. Only the languages English
% and \texttt{babel} are included internally to \texttt{\filename}; all
% others are contained in external language definition files.
%
% Another new feature is the possibility of including a file containing
% prestored shorthand designations for certain journal names. Such a file
% is provided for physics journals, but others could be made up using this
% one as a model. See Section~\ref{sec:jnames}.
%
% To take advantage of these external files, one must use
% \texttt{makebst} version~3; \texttt{\filename} may still be used with
% earlier versions, but without the external files.
%
% Version~4 arose out of a project by David Carlisle who created a variant
% of \texttt{\filename} for REV\TeX\ and the American Physical Society with
% the help of Mark Doyle of the APS. The main purpose was to add extra
% fields (see page~\pageref{sec:revtex}) that were needed. Subsequently
% Arthur Ogawa revised the code considerably, making it more rational,
% fixing some bugs and adding some extra features.
%
% I was then asked to incorporate all these changes into the official
% version of \texttt{\filename}. This required much debugging, since the
% Ogawa's rationalization upset several of the delicate interplays between
% various options. The result is version~4.0, the work on which has been
% supported by the American Physical Society.
%
% Version~4.0 contains the REV\TeX\ extra fields and the
% Carlisle-Doyle-Ogawa rewrites. An additional feature that derived from
% Carlisle's work on REV\TeX\ is the tagging of the text entries in the
% bibliography. This means the volume number is given as
% |\bibinfo{volume}{5}|. Normally only the number 5 is printed, but another
% program could use this to reconstruct the original database entries.
%
% Arthur Ogawa also added some features to \texttt{makebst} to provide a more
% verbose protocol. As a result, version~4 of \texttt{\filename} can only be
% used with version~4 of \texttt{makebst}. Older versions of \texttt{\filename}
% will still function with the newer \texttt{makebst}. Also, \texttt{.dbj}
% files created with older versions should still produce the same results with
% \texttt{\filename}~4.
%
% \def\temp{merlin.mbs}\ifx\temp\filename
% This file is now named after the legendary magician in the hope that it
% can produce wonders by incanting the right magic formulas. However, one
% should bear in mind that even Merlin was not omnipotent. It would be too
% much to hope that all bibliographic wishes will be fulfilled quickly and
% easily, but we shall try as best we can. Watch the wizardry at work!
% \fi
%
% \section{About Master Bibliographic Style Files}
%
% For details about how master bibliography style files are to be
% constructed, see the documentation on \texttt{makebst}. Here only a
% rough overview is given.
%
% \subsection{The \dtx{} Program}
% The \dtx{} program, written by Frank Mittelbach, is now a fundamental
% part of the \LaTeXe{} installation. Its original purpose is to remove
% comment lines from documented files, but has the secondary function of
% selecting alternative lines of coding.
%
% A master \btx{} bibliographic style file is one that, when processed by
% \dtx{} with selected options, produces a regular \btx{} \texttt{.bst}
% file with the desired features.
%
% In this sense, \dtx{} functions something like a C preprocessor. In fact,
% Oren Patashnik's original \texttt{.bst} files were all produced from a single
% source file by means of the preprocessor. The advantage of \dtx{} is that
% it is portable to all installations with \TeX.
%
% \subsection{The \dtx{} Batch Job}
%
% The \dtx{} program can be run either interactively, where the user must
% answer questions via the keyboard, or by means of a batch job where all
% the inputs are prepared in a file beforehand. For producing a \btx{}
% style file from a master file, the batch job method is the only feasible
% one, simply because of the large number of options available. (There is
% another reason for employing a batch job: the interactive method adds an
% |\endinput| command at the end, something that \btx{} will protest
% about.)
%
% The batch job files in general do not have any particular extension but I
% use \texttt{.dbj} for \emph{\dtx{} batch job}. These files are useful
% because they document the options used to produce the \texttt{.bst} file,
% and they may be edited to experiment with alternative options.
%
% \subsection{The \texttt{makebst} Program}
%
% It is possible to make up a batch job file by hand using the option
% information listed in Section~\ref{sec:options}, but my accompanying
% program \texttt{makebst} simplifies the task considerably. It reads menu
% information in the master file itself in order to present the user with
% an interactive list of choices, translating the answers into appropriate
% options that are then written to a batch job file.
%
% To run it, simply process \texttt{makebst.tex} with \TeX\ or \LaTeX, and
% answer the questions. The first of these is whether you want some
% instructions or not, and the second is the name of the \texttt{.mbs} that
% you want to use. The next query is about the name of the desired
% \texttt{.bst} file (which will also be the root name of the batch job).
% After that, all further questions come from menu information in the
% master file.
%
% At the very end, \texttt{makebst} asks if it should run the batch job for
% you. Isn't that a fine service?
%
% \section{Multilingual Adaptation}
% The original \texttt{.bst} files from Oren Patashnik contain explicit
% English words that are output into the final text. Since \LaTeX{} is
% increasingly being used for other languages, and since the official
% version since December 1991 also uses macros in place of explicit words,
% it seems appropriate for \btx{} to follow suit.
%
% In this master bibliographic style file {\tt\filename}, all explicit
% words have been replaced by functions: e.g., the word \textsl{editor} has
% become the function \texttt{bbl.editor}. Depending on the language option
% chosen, this function is defined to be the text {\tt"editor"},
% {\tt"Redakteur"}, or {\tt"redacteur"}, for English, German, and French,
% respectively.
%
% There is another special `language' called \texttt{babel} that instead inserts
% the text |"\bbleditor{}"|; the definitions of these \LaTeX{} commands
% must be in a separate file named \texttt{babelbst.tex} that is read in at
% the start of the bibliography.
%
% Only English and \texttt{babel} are supported directly in
% \texttt{\filename}; all other language definitions are contained in
% separate definition files, e.g., \texttt{french.mbs}, \texttt{german.mbs}.
%
% The language selection is made during the \texttt{makebst} run, which
% asks for the name of the language definition file as the first menu item. If
% either English or \texttt{babel} is wanted, reply with the default, which
% is \texttt{\filename} itself; otherwise give the name of the desired
% language file.
%
% \begin{quote}\slshape
%   \textbf{Note:} the language definition files can only be used with
%   \texttt{makebst} version~3 or later, and
%
%   with an external definition file, the \dtx{} run requires two passes
%   through \texttt{\filename}, doubling the processing time.
% \end{quote}
%
% Apart from the language adaptation of the whole bibliography, there is also
% the possibility of switching languages for individual references, so as to
% hyphenate the title properly. This is done with the \texttt{language} field
% and the \verb!\setlanguage! command.
%
% \subsection{Adding a New Language Definition File}
%
% To create a new language definition file, simply take one of the existing
% ones, like \texttt{english.mbs}, and replace the explicit English words
% with their translations. There are, however, a number of points that can
% complicate this procedure.
%
% \begin{enumerate}
% \item
%   Do not forget to change the documentation in the file, especially
%   version number, date, author.
%
% \item
%   There are option menus that need to be translated too. It might also be
%   desirable to add or remove options. In most cases, the options in the
%   language files involve possible abbreviations, like
%   \begin{quote}
%      \verb!\mes{^^JABBREVIATE WORD `PAGES':}!\\
%      \verb!\optdef{*}{}{`Page(s)'}{(no abbreviation)}!\\
%      \verb!\optdef{a}{pp}{`Page' abbreviated}{as p. or pp.}!\\
%      \verb!\getans!
%   \end{quote}
%
%   In this example, the option \texttt{pp} appears later in the definition
%   \begin{quote}
%      \verb!FUNCTION {bbl.pages}!\\
%      \verb+%<!pp>{ "pages" }+\\
%      \verb!%<pp>{ "pp." }!
%   \end{quote}
%   This a \emph{local} option, that only affects the coding in the definition
%   file. It is possible to add more local options.
%
% \item
%   However, all options, whether activated by the main file or by the
%   definition file, apply to both. In other words, there really is no such
%   thing as a local option. In the above example, \texttt{pp} is only
%   local because it is never used in \texttt{\filename}.
%
% \item
%   Add the name of the language as an option, with
%   \begin{quote}
%      \verb!\mes{^^JOptions for ENGLISH}!\\
%      \verb!\wr{\spsp\spsp english,\pc: English language}!
%   \end{quote}
%   (This is how options are added without |\optdef| and |\getans|.) The
%   main file just might recognize it in order to take some
%   language-specific action. The least it should do is add a comment at
%   the start of the \texttt{.bst} file stating for which language it is to
%   be used.
%
% \item
%   There could be some problems with edition numbers due to language
%   dependent ways of treating ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 3rd in English;
%   1$^{\mbox{\scriptsize re}}$, 2$^{\mbox{\scriptsize e}}$,
%   3$^{\mbox{\scriptsize e}}$ in French; 1., 2., 3., in German). Some
%   accommodation already exists for the oddball language English, and
%   further hacking may be needed for others.
%
% \item
%   If there should be any need for a double-quote character in
%   the translations (German needs it for umlauts) then there is trouble
%   because the \btx{} strings do not allow it. Instead, use the command
%   |\qq|, as in the German word |F\qq{u}nfte| for {\sl F\"unfte} (fifth).
%   It is then vital to add the option \texttt{umlaut} with
%   \begin{quote}
%      \verb!\wr{\spsp\spsp umlaut,\pc: Activate umlaut command}!
%   \end{quote}
%
% Bernd Raichle points out that |\^^b| can be used in place of |\"|
% within \btx{} code. One can thus replace |F\qq{u}nfte| with |F\^^b unfte|
% and do away with the \texttt{umlaut} option.
%
% \end{enumerate}
%
% \subsection{Changing \texttt{babelbst.tex} for a New Language}
%
% Alternatively, a new language can be added by
% modifying the file \texttt{babelbst.tex} and selecting the language {\tt
% babel} for the \texttt{.bst} file. If this is the only language to be used,
% then just change the English words in the definitions.
%
% However, some form of switching would be more desirable. With \TeX\
% version 3, there is a |\language| parameter to control the hyphenation
% patterns, and this could be used to select the correct language. For
% example, if language 0 is English and language 1 German, then put the
% English version of \texttt{babelbst.tex} into \texttt{englbst.tex} and the
% German
% version in \texttt{germbst.tex}. Then \texttt{babelbst.tex} could contain:
% \begin{quote}\begin{verbatim}
% \ifcase\language \input{englbst} \or \input{germbst}
%   \else \input{englbst} \fi
% \end{verbatim}
% \end{quote}
%
% This is of course installation dependent.
%
% \subsection{Extracting the Sample \texttt{babelbst.tex} File}
%
% A sample \texttt{babelbst.tex} (for English) is contained in this master
% file.  Extract it with \dtx{} and the option \texttt{bblbst}. It may be
% edited (and possibly renamed) for other languages as needed.
%
% \subsection{Problem with Edition Numbers}
% Something to note here is the ordinal numbers for editions. \btx{}
% demands that the field \texttt{edition} be given in the database as a word
% \textsl{First}, \textsl{Second}, etc., or as \textsl{1st}, \textsl{2nd},
% etc. This is bad policy
% because it is language dependent. So what I do is to test for the words
% \textsl{first} through \textsl{fifth} (case independently) and replace them
% with language-dependent equivalents. If the {\tt<ord>} option is selected,
% these equivalents are ordinal numbers for that language. Any other words
% cannot be interpreted and must be printed as is.
%
% However, if the \texttt{edition} is given as a number, with or without
% following letters, then the numbers 1 through 5 are replaced by their
% words; any higher numbers just have the ordinal ending (\textsl{th}
% in English) added to them.
%
% These numbers are only used with the word \textsl{edition} or
% its equivalent in other languages, so the translators need
% to provide only the one gender, e.g., feminine for both German and
% French.
%
%
% \section{Prestoring Names of Journals}\label{sec:jnames}
%
% The standard \texttt{.bst} files contain the names of some 20 journals
% in the field of computing, stored as macros for easy reference within the
% database \texttt{.bib} files. For example, the \textsl{Journal of
% Computer and System Sciences} can be referred to as \texttt{jcss}.
% With the option \texttt{jabr} (for journal abbreviation) this same
% shorthand produces \textsl{J.~Comput. Syst. Sci.}.
%
% Some \texttt{.bst} files for physics journals include additional journal
% names, and it is conceivable that other faculties might wish to prepare
% their own such lists, with each name present in a full or abbreviated
% form. Such an external file can now be added with \texttt{\filename} and
% \texttt{makebst} version~3.
%
% As a model, I supply a file \texttt{physjour.mbs} with the names of
% physics journals which I have taken from other \texttt{.bst} files.
% I also have a file \texttt{geojour.mbs} with the names of geophysics
% journals, and a contributed file \texttt{photjour.mbs} containing names of
% optics journals.
%
% In fact, version~3.5 can even include multiple journal-name files.
% Thus one can decide whether to include both, one, or none of the above
% files.
%
% \section{HTML Output}
% There is an option \texttt{html} to create a \texttt{.bst} file producing
% hypertext (HTML) output instead of the regular \LaTeX\ code. This is still
% experimental. The resulting \btx\ output will still be a file with extension
% \texttt{.bbl} and will contain the \LaTeX\ special characters, like |\"a| for
% \"a. One must go over the output to convert such characters to the HTML
% equivalents, and to remove curly braces. Only then can it be renamed
% \texttt{.html}.
%
% Three possible lists are offered:
% \begin{itemize}
% \item a simple paragraph for each entry,
% \item a numbered list,
% \item a description list with the key as the label.
% \end{itemize}
%
% \section{Updating Older \texttt{.dbj} Files}\label{sec:update}
% If you have existing \texttt{.dbj} files for generating \texttt{.bst}
% files from the older version \texttt{genbst.mbs}, these may be run with
% \texttt{\filename} by simply changing the name of the source
% \texttt{.mbs} file. For example, where the older \texttt{.dbj} file contains
% the line
% \begin{quote}
% |\generateFile{mystyle.bst}{f}{\from{genbst.mbs}{%|
% \end{quote}
% edit the file so that \texttt{genbst.mbs} is replaced by
% \texttt{\filename}. The resulting \texttt{mystyle.bst} file will then be
% an updated version of the older one, containing all the same features.
%
% Version~4 of \texttt{\filename} can only be used with version~4 of
% \texttt{makebst}, whereas older versions of \texttt{\filename} will still
% function with the newer \texttt{makebst}. Also, \texttt{.dbj} files created
% with older versions should still produce the same results with
% \texttt{\filename}~4, albeit with different coding.
%
% \section{Acknowledgements}
% I wish to thank all the people who have taken the trouble to send me
% suggestions or special requests. Admittedly, it has been out of
% self-interest on their part, since they had bibliographic needs to be
% met. And I have often questioned the need for many of their demands. Yet,
% that is part of the bibliographic jungle that I am trying to eliminate.
% If I thought that bibliographies were arbitrarily formatted before I
% started this project, I have more than sufficient confirmation since
% then. The fault lies not with the poor contributors, but with the
% publishers who cannot agree on a decent standard.
%
% I want to thank Frank Mittelbach, not only for creating \dtx{}
% in the first place, but also for sending me his bibliographic requirements,
% and for suggesting an improvement to \texttt{makebst}.
%
% David Carlisle has added the REV\TeX\ fields and |\bibinfo| tagging in a
% special variant of \texttt{\filename}; Arthur Ogawa then incorporated
% them into the main file, and overhauled much of the coding to make it
% more legible and rational.
%
% I especially wish to thank Mark Doyle and the American Physical
% Society for supporting the work on \texttt{custom-bib}~4.0.
%
% And finally, all of us must thank Oren Patashnik for providing \btx;
% without its flexibility and programmability (in spite of the complexity
% of the language) the master bibliographic styles would not be possible at
% all.
%
% \section{The Options}\label{sec:options}
% Here I present a list of all the \dtx{} options that are
% available in this file {\tt\filename}.
% The normal user can skip this section since he will probably make use
% of the menus via \texttt{makebst}. These are described in
% Section~\ref{sec:menu}. The menus provide much more informative prompts
% than the heavily abbreviated option names listed here. In other words,
% the options described in this section are meant for internal (programmer)
% usage, while the normal interface for the user is the menus.
%
% I have tried to avoid
% conflicts with mutually exclusive options by always letting one dominate if
% more than one has been specified. Such options have the same prefix, such
% as \texttt{nm-rev} and \texttt{nm-init}.
% If one uses \texttt{makebst} to produce the
% \dtx{} batch job, then it is impossible to give mutually
% exclusive options unless one edits the batch file oneself afterwards.
% (Anything is possible with computer freaks!)
%
% Most mutually exclusive options have the same prefix before the hyphen.
%
% \newenvironment{opt}{%
% \begin{list}{}{\labelwidth2cm \leftmargin2.5cm \labelsep1em \rightmargin0pt
%  \def\makelabel##1{\ttfamily##1 \hfill}}}{\end{list}}
% \textbf{Citation style:} whether or not a numerical or author--year system
% is to be used.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--] default is numerical, standard \LaTeX, as for {\tt
%           plain.bst}.\\
%           |\bibitem{key}...|
% \item[cite] special for listing entire databases; the cite key is used
%             as the label so it may be listed.\\
%             |\bibitem[key]{key}...|
% \item[ay] for author--year style of citations. Various forms of |\bibitem|
%           are provided under this option, to support different types
%           of \LaTeX{} styles for interfacing with the author--year system.
% \item[alph] for \texttt{alpha.bst} style of citations; essentially numerical
%           but an abbreviation of the author names plus year is used as
%           the label. First three letters of single author, or first letters
%           of first three authors.
% \item[alf-1] with \texttt{alph}, uses first three letters of first author's
%           name, regardless of how many authors.
% \item[alf-f] with \texttt{alph}, uses first author's whole name.
% \end{opt}
%
% For numerical style, one can select the HTML option, to output a
% hypertext file instead of a \LaTeX\ one.
%
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--] normal \LaTeX\ output;
% \item[html] for HTML output, one reference per paragraph
% \item[htlist] (with \texttt{html}) outputs to a numbered list;
% \item[htdes] (with \texttt{html}) outputs description list, with the key.
% \end{opt}
%
% If \texttt{ay} has been selected, then the type of author--year interface
% is selectable. Some of these, like \texttt{natbib} and \texttt{harvard}
% exist in two versions because of updates in these systems.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--] default is the system I invented for my \texttt{natbib.sty}.\\
%            |\bibitem[author(year)]{key}...|
% \item[nat] for extended format of \texttt{natbib.sty} version 5.3\\
%            |\bibitem[author(year)full author]{key}...|
% \item[alk] for the \texttt{apalike.sty} of Oren Patashnik and related
%            systems\\
%            |\bibitem[author, year]{key}...|
% \item[har] for the Harvard family of styles (with \texttt{harvard.sty}).\\
%            |\harvarditem[short]{long}{year}{key}...|
% \item[harnm] for the extended Harvard family, containing some extra commands
%            used by \LaTeXe\ version 2.0.3 of \texttt{harvard.sty}
% \item[ast] for astronomy family of styles (with \texttt{astron.sty}).\\
%            |\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{author}{year}]{key}...|
% \item[cay] for the Chicago family of styles (with \texttt{chicago.sty}).\\
%            |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{long}{short}{year}]{key}...|
% \item[nmd] for the `named' variant of Chicago (with \texttt{named.sty}).\\
%            |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{author}{year}]{key}...|
% \item[cn] for the ``author--date'' group of styles (with {\tt
%            authordate1-4.sty})\\
%            |\bibitem[\protect\citename{author, }year]{key}...|
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Sequence:} the order in which the references are listed.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]      default is alphabetical by all authors, date, title
% \item[seq-yr]  order by year (ascending), authors, title
% \item[seq-yrr]  order by year (descending), authors, title
% \item[seq-no]  sequence by citation order
% \item[seq-lab] (author--year) by label, date, title (means that Daly
%                precedes Daly and Williams, precedes Daly et al.)
% \item[seq-key] (author--year) like \texttt{seq-lab} except that for
%                identical authors and year, the cite keyword is used
%                instead of the title
% \item[vonx]    ignore \emph{von} part of name when ordering (default is
%                to consider \emph{von} as part of the whole surname)
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Language selection:} the translations of certain explicit words.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]      default is English, for \textsl{and}, \textsl{chapter},
%                  \textsl{editor}, etc.;
% \item[babel]     replace words with \LaTeX{} commands that are defined
%                  in the file \texttt{babelbst.tex};
% \item[lang]     adds the \texttt{language} field for switching language
%                 for one reference only by means of the \verb!\setlanguage!
%                 command in \texttt{babel}.
% \end{opt}
%
% If one of the external language definition files is used, then the name of
% its language should be in the list of active options. Many other language
% names are already included as options in this main file simply for the
% purpose of adding a comment at the start of the \texttt{.bst} file.
%
% The \texttt{language} field is intended to allow the hyphenation patterns
% to be switched temporarily so that titles can be set in the original
% language.
%
% \textbf{Annotation:}
% annotations are added either by means of the \texttt{annote} field, or
% with a \texttt{.tex} file of the same name as the citation key.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]   no annotations
% \item[annote] annotations enabled, with \texttt{annote} field.
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Presentations:}
% add a non-standard type to handle talks (presentations). This is similar to the
% \texttt{inproceedings} but without \texttt{booktitle} and with the presenting
% author in bold face. This author is specified by the \texttt{key} entry, which
% is that author's position in the author list (1, 2, \dots). The type of presentation
% (oral or poster) is specified by the entry \texttt{type}. The date without year is given
% in \texttt{month}, which must be present.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]  no presentations
% \item[pres] include a \texttt{presentation} type
% \item[pres-bf] (with \texttt{pres}) to put speaker in bold face
% \item[pres-it] (with \texttt{pres}) to put speaker in italics
% \item[pres-sc] (with \texttt{pres}) to put speaker in small caps
% \end{opt}
% Without any of the extra font options, the speaker's name is not highlighted.
%
% \textbf{Missing names:}
% If the author and/or editor is missing, the standard \texttt{.bst} files
% use the \texttt{key} field in place of the names for purposes of ordering the
% entries.
%
% For author--year styles, the \texttt{key} field is even inserted in the
% reference list and in the label in place of the authors. Optionally, one can
% suppress the year in this case, which causes \texttt{natbib} (version~7)
% to print only that key text as a code designation for the work.
%
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--] year is inserted in the labels when \texttt{key} replaces authors
% \item[keyxyr] year is left blank in this case
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Names formatting:} how initials and surnames are to be combined.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is full names, given names first
% \item[nm-revf]  full names, surname first
% \item[nm-init]  initials plus surname
% \item[nm-rev]   surname plus initials
% \item[nm-rev1]  surname plus initials (1st name only) then initials
%                 plus surname
% \item[nm-revv1] same as \texttt{nm-rev1} but with full names
% \item[nm-rv]    as \texttt{nm-rev}, but initials without dots
% \item[nm-rvvc]  as \texttt{nm-rev}, but initials without spaces
% \item[nm-rvv]   as \texttt{nm-rev}, but initials without spaces or comma
% \item[nm-rvx]   as \texttt{nm-rev}, but initials without dots or spaces
% \item[nm-rvcx]  as \texttt{nm-rvx}, but with comma after surname
% \item[ed-rev]   editors' names in collections are reversed the same as authors'
% \item[ed-au]    editors are formatted with same routine as authors; this
%                 is an alias for \texttt{ed-rev}, which is kept only for
%                 compatibility
% \item[aunm-semi] a semi-colon is placed between author names instead of
%                  a comma
% \item[aunm-sl]  a slash is placed between author names instead of a comma
% \item[nmdash]   repeated author/editor names replaced by dash
% \item[nmd-2]    with \texttt{nmdash}, uses 2 em dashes
% \item[nmd-3]    with \texttt{nmdash}, uses 3 em dashes
% \item[jnrlab]   include the junior part of name in citations (normally
%                 appears only in reference listing)
% \item[jnrlst]   with one of the \texttt{nm-rev} type options, puts the
%                 junior part last, after the (reversed) first name
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Number of names in bibliography:} normally all names listed (in reference list)
% \begin{opt}
% \item[nmlm]     limit number of names
% \item[x1...x90]  (with \texttt{nmlm}) maximum number of names to appear;
%                  for over 9, give the tens and units separately, as
%                  \texttt{x20,x5} for 25
% \item[m1...m90]  (with \texttt{nmlm}) minimum number before \textsl{et al.}
%                   written;
%                 no check for consistency is taken; one \texttt{x} and
%                 one \texttt{m} number must be given, and {\tt x}$\le${\tt m}
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Number of names in citation:} before \textsl{et al.}
%
% The default is to cite one or two names at most, but for three or more, to
% cite only one name with \textsl{et~ al.}
% \begin{opt}
% \item[mcite] to change the default
% \item[mct-1...mct-5] (with \texttt{mcite}) number of names preceding \textsl{et~al.}
% \item[mct-x2...mct-x5] (with \texttt{mcite}) max number of authors without truncating
% \end{opt}
% The default is equivalent to \texttt{mct-1} and \texttt{mct-x2}.
%
% \textbf{Names font:} in the reference list
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is names in normal typeface
% \item[nmft]     names are in some special font
% \item[nmfted]   editors' names in collections also get special fonts
% \item[nmft-sc]  names in small caps
% \item[nmft-it]  names in italics
% \item[nmft-bf]  names in bold
% \item[nmft-def]  names in user defined font |\bibnamefont{}|.
% \item[nmand-rm] `and' in normal font, not same as authors'.
% \item[fnm-rm]   (with \texttt{nmft}) first names are in regular font
% \item[fnm-def]  (with \texttt{nmft}) first names are in user defined
%                 font |\bibfnamefont{}|.
% \item[--]       first names are in same font as the surnames.
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Citation font:} what is written by the |\cite| command
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is no special font
% \item[lab-it]   cited names in italics
% \item[lab-sc]   cited names in small caps
% \item[lab-bf]   cited names in bold face
% \item[lab-def]  cited names in user defined font |\bibnamefont{}|.
% \item[and-rm]   word `and' in cited names in normal font
% \item[xlab-it]  extra label (letter after year) in italics
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Block punctuation:} between logical sections (not mutually
% exclusive)
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is period after each logical section, including end
% \item[blk-com]  use commas, except at very end (changes \textsl{In} to
%                     \textsl{in})
% \item[blk-tit]  like \texttt{blk-com} except period follows titles of
%                      articles and books
% \item[blk-tita] like \texttt{blk-com} except period follows article title
% \item[tit-col] with \texttt{blk-tit} or \texttt{blk-tita}, for colon instead of period
% \item[com-semi] with \texttt{blk-com}, uses semi-colon instead of comma
% \item[com-blank] with \texttt{blk-com}, uses blanks instead of comma
% \item[in-col]   puts a colon after \textsl{In} or \textsl{in} for edited works
% \item[in-it]    puts word \textsl{in} in italics (may be used with
%                   \texttt{in-col})
% \item[in-x]     suppresses the word \textsl{in} for edited works
% \item[fin-bare] no punctuation at the very end
% \item[au-col] puts a colon after the author/editor block
% \item[blknt]  puts period before note
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Date:} if missing
%
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--] Missing date replaced by ???? (author--year)
% \item[blkyear] Missing date left blank, even in label.
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Date:} position and enclosure
%
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is date at end, before notes; for author--year,
%                   date consists only of year, no month
% \item[dt-jnl]   date at end as for default, except for journal articles
%                   where it follows the journal name as part of specification
% \item[dt-end]   date goes after any notes
% \item[dt-beg]   date goes after authors' names
% \item[yr-par]   date in parentheses ()
% \item[yr-brk]   date in brackets []
% \item[yr-com]   date preceded by comma and space
% \item[yr-col]   date preceded by colon and space
% \item[yr-per]   date preceded by period and space
% \item[yr-blk]   date preceded by space
% \item[dtrev]    date as year month instead of month year
% \item[dtbf]     date bold face
% \item[aymth]    include month even for author-year
% \item[xmth]     suppress month for numerical mode
% \item[yrp-x]    suppresses punctuation following month, year when date
%                 is just after authors
% \item[yrp-col]  adds colon and space after date when just after authors
% \item[yrp-semi] adds semi-colon and space after date when just after authors
% \item[yrp-per]  adds period and space after date
% \item[yrpp-xsp] removes blank following year punctuation
% \item[note-yr]  permits text (like ``in press'') in the \texttt{year} field
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Article in journal:} style of title, volume, pages
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is: Title. \textit{Journal}, vol(num):p1--p2
% \item[injnl]    adds word \textsl{in} before journal name, same style as
%                 for incollections
% \item[volp-sp]  as above, but with a space, vol(num):~p1--p2
% \item[volp-semi] semi-colon instead of colon:   vol(num);~p1--p2
% \item[volp-com] comma and space instead of colon:   vol(num),~p1--p2
% \item[volp-blk] only space instead of colon:   vol(num)~p1--p2
% \item[vol-bf]   volume in bold
% \item[vol-it]   volume in italics
% \item[vol-2bf]  volume and number bold
% \item[vnum-x]   no number for journals, only volume
% \item[vnum-sp]  space between, as vol (num)
% \item[vnum-cm]  replace vol(num) with vol, num
% \item[vnum-nr]  replace vol(num) with vol, no. num
% \item[vnum-h]   replace vol(num) with vol, \#num
% \item[vnum-b]   replace vol(num) with vol num
% \item[jdt-v]    year in parentheses attached to volume: vol(year) num
% \item[jdt-vs]   as above, with space: vol (year) num
% \item[jdt-p]    year precedes pages: vol(num), (year) p1--p2
% \item[jdt-pc]   as above, with comma: vol(num), (year), p1--p2
% \item[jpg-1]    only starting page given
% \item[pgsep-c]  page numbers over 10,000 have comma
% \item[pgsep-s]  page numbers over 10\,000 have space
% \item[pgsep-p]  page numbers over 10.000 have period
% \item[jwdpg]    include `page' or `pp' for articles
% \item[jwdvol]   include `volume' or `vol' for articles
% \item[jnm-x]    no punctuation after journal name
% \item[tit-it]   article title in italics
% \item[tit-qq]   article title in quotes
% \item[bt-rm]    booktitle in upright font, not italic (this will be issued
%                 with \texttt{btit-rm} normally; separate options allow for
%                 more control if wanted
% \item[bt-qq]    booktitle of incollection and inproceedings in quotes
% \item[qt-s]     (with \texttt{tit-qq}) single instead of double quotes
% \item[qt-g]     (with \texttt{tit-qq}) guillemets instead of quotes
% \item[qx]       (with \texttt{tit-qq}) comma outside quotes
% \item[jtit-x]   no article title (applies only to journals and
%                 collections)
% \item[atit-u]   article title capitalized as in entry, default is
%                 sentence capitalization (first word and words following
%                 colons)
% \item[jxper]    abbreviated journal names have periods removed, as
%                 `Phys Rev'
% \item[jttl-rm]  name of journal not in italics
% \item[pp-last]  pages appear at end, before any notes
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Number and series:} for collections and inproceedings
%
% This is a confusing issue. The standard wants to print something like
% ``number 123 in Collected Works'', and issues a warning if there is a number
% without a series. However, for many such works, there is an identification
% number for the collection, such as ESA~SP-123. Giving this as the number
% without a series results in ``number ESA~SP-123'' and a warning. Setting the
% series to this code number produces desired results, but is illogical.
%
% Another problem is that this code number should often should appear just
% before the publisher name,
% whereas the standard places it elsewhere.
%
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]  default, number must have series, \textsl{number} is printed
% \item[num-xser] default behaviour if both number and series present, but if
%      only number is there, it is printed without the word \textsl{number} and
%      without a warning
% \item[numser]  moves the number/series to just before the publisher/organization
% \item[ser-vol] for a book in a series with volume number, appears as ``\textit{Series-Name}, vol.~23''
%       rather than ``vol.~23 of \textit{Series-Name}''
% \item[ser-ed] for incollection, inproceedings, the series and volume appear between
%       the booktitle and the editors
% \end{opt}
%
%
% \textbf{Thesis title:} formatted like a book or article
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is like a book title
% \item[thtit-a]  titles of PhD and Master theses formatted like articles
% \item[thtit-x]  no thesis title
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Technical Report title:} formatted like book or article
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is like an article title
% \item[trtit-b]  titles of technical reports formatted like books
% \item[trnum-it] \textsl{technical report} and number italic
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Books:}  title font style, pages, and address location
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is italicized
% \item[btit-rm]  book title plain
% \item[bkpg-par] pages in books places in parentheses
% \item[bkpg-x]   pages in books bare without word \textsl{pages}
% \item[add-pub]  publisher's address before name, colon separated
% \item[pub-par]  publisher and address in parentheses
% \item[pub-date] publisher with address and date in parentheses
% \item[pub-xc]   with \texttt{pub-date}, suppresses comma before date
% \item[pub-xpar] with \texttt{pub-date} to suppress parentheses
% \item[pre-pub]  publisher placed before chapter and page information
% \item[pre-edn]  edition before publisher
% \item[pg-bk]    add number of pages for books and booklets
% \item[pg-pre]   with \texttt{pg-bk}, total pages comes before publisher
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Abbreviations:} of various words, default is no abbreviations
% \begin{opt}
% \item[pp]       abbreviate \textsl{page(s)} as \textsl{p.} and \textsl{pp.}
% \item[ppx]      no word \textsl{page(s)} or abbreviation
% \item[ed]       abbreviate \textsl{editor(s)} as \textsl{ed.} and
%                     \textsl{eds.}
% \item[ednx]     abbreviates \textsl{edition} as \textsl{ed.} instead
%                     of \textsl{edn.}
% \item[abr]      abbreviate \textsl{volume}, \textsl{edition},
%                     \textsl{technical report}, etc.
% \item[mth-bare] months abbreviated without dots
% \item[jabr]     abbreviate names of prestored journals
% \item[ord]      write edition numbers as 1st, 2nd, instead as words.
% \item[xedn]     suppress conversion of editions (for English) to avoid
%                 overflowing some \btx\ installations
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Editor:} alternative for \emph{in edited} book, inbook, or proceedings.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       ``in \emph{names}, editors, \emph{title}''
% \item[edpar]    ``in \emph{names} (editors), \emph{title}''
% \item[edparc]   ``in \emph{names}, (editors) \emph{title}''
% \item[edparxc]  ``in \emph{names} (editors) \emph{title}''
% \item[bkedcap]  capitalizes ``Editor''
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Editor:} alternative for \emph{in edited} incollection or inproceedings.
% If none of these are selected, they are treated the same as an edited book.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       ``in \emph{names}, editors, \emph{title}''
% \item[edby]     ``in \emph{title}, edited by \emph{names}''
% \item[edby-par] ``in \emph{title} (edited by \emph{names})''
% \item[edby-parc] ``in \emph{title}, (edited by \emph{names})''
% \item[edcap]    (with \texttt{edby-par}) capitalizes ``Edited by'' or
%                    ``Editor''
% \item[edbyx]    (with \texttt{edby} or \texttt{edby-par}) replaces text
%                 \textsl{edited by} by \textsl{editor(s)} before the names,
% \item[edbyw]    same as \texttt{edbyx} but with word \textsl{editor} only in
%                  parentheses
% \item[edbyy]    (with \texttt{edby} or \texttt{edby-par}) replaces text
%                 \textsl{edited by} by \textsl{editor(s)} after the names,
%                 as ``in \emph{title}, \emph{names}, editors''.
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{ISBN, ISSN numbers:} include or not
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is no ISBN number, ignore this field,
% \item[isbn]     include an ISBN number as optional entry for books, booklets,
%                 incollections, inproceedings
% \item[issn]     include an ISSN number for periodicals
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{URL address:} include or not, and how
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       ignore URL field,
% \item[url]      process URL field,
% \item[url-blk]  (with \texttt{url}) URL text as regular blocked item,
% \item[url-nt]   URL text treated as a note
% \item[url-nl]   URL text added as new line below reference (Harvard style)
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{DOI number:} include or not
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is not to include the Digital Object Identifier
% \item[doi]      include the DOI number
% \item[agu-doi]  place DOI number AGU style, as part of page designation
%
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{REV\TeX\ data fields:} for use with \texttt{revtex.bst}.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]      Do not include extra fields for REV\TeX
% \item[revdata] Include fields \texttt{collaboration}, \texttt{eid},
%                  \texttt{numpages} for REV\TeX.
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Eprint field:} used by REV\TeX\ but can be used on its own.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]      Do not include \texttt{eprint} and \texttt{archive} fields
% \item[eprint]  Include \texttt{eprint} and \texttt{archive} fields.
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Reference component tagging:} apply structure to the |\bibitem| contents.
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]      no tagging.
% \item[bibinfo] apply tags like |\bibinfo|, and |\eprint| to the fields of data
%                in the content of the |\bibitem| statement.
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Emphasis:} defines what `italicized' really means
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]       default is |\em| (can switch between |\it|
%                 and |\rm|
% \item[em-it]    use |\it| instead (always italic)
% \item[em-x]     no emphasis
% \item[em-ul]    underline for emphasis (with or without \texttt{ulem})
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Special punctuation:}
% \begin{opt}
% \item[amper]    use \& in place of \textsl{and}
% \item[varand]   use command |\BIBand| in place of \textsl{and}
% \item[and-xcom] no comma before last \textsl{and} of an author list
%                   (citations and references)
% \item[and-com]  add comma before \textsl{and} even for two authors (in list of
%                  references)
% \item[and-com-ed] the same as \texttt{and-com} but for editors in
%                   collections
% \item[xand]    no \textsl{and} in an author list (references)
% \item[etal-it]  \textsl{et al.} in italics
% \item[etal-rm]  \textsl{et al.} in roman even if authors in different font
% \item[etal-xc]  no comma before \textit{et al.}
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Font commands:}
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]     use Plain \TeX\ (also \LaTeX~2.09) font commands
% \item[nfss]   use |\textbf|, |\textit|, |\emph| in place of |\bf|, |\it|,
%                and |\em|; only works then with \LaTeXe
% \end{opt}
%
% \textbf{Plain \TeX\ compatibility:}
% \begin{opt}
% \item[--]    use \LaTeXe\ commands for testing, redefining commands
% \item[plntx] use \TeX\ for maximum compatibility
% \end{opt}
%
%
% \section{The Menu Information}\label{sec:menu}
% Here I describe the options and menu information for this particular
% master file \texttt{\filename}. To construct a \dtx{} driver file
% to generate a desired \texttt{.bst} file, simply process \texttt{makebst.tex}
% with \TeX\ or \LaTeX, and give
% \begin{quote}\tt\filename\end{quote}
% when prompted for the name of the master file. Then answer the questions
% in the menus that follow. The menu information is extracted from here.
%
% All the menu information is nested between \dtx{} guard options
% |%<*options>| \dots\ |%</options>|, and the last command is
% |\endoptions|. The rest of the file is nested between
% \begin{quote}
%   |%<*!options&!driver&!bblbst>| \dots\ |</!options&!driver&!bblbst>|
% \end{quote}
% in order to exclude it if \dtx{} is used to
% extract the menu information, the documentation driver, or the
% \texttt{babelbst.tex} file.
%
% The main coding is divided into two sections, the \emph{head} and
% \emph{tail}; in between come any external language or journal name
% support files. The head part is marked with the \dtx{} guard option
% |<!tail>| and the tail with |<!head>|. This roundabout means of doing
% things makes it possible to process \texttt{\filename} with \texttt{.dbj}
% files that were generated for the older \texttt{genbst.mbs} file by
% simply changing the name of the source file as shown in
% Section~\ref{sec:update}. If both \texttt{head} and \texttt{tail} (and
% \texttt{exlang}) options are omitted, as they are in the older
% \texttt{.dbj} files, \texttt{\filename} is processed completely in one
% pass. To include external files, two passes are needed, one for each
% part, with the external file(s) coming in between.
%
% Note too that if the internal language commands are taken (i.e., if
% \texttt{exlang} option is not given) then the default language is
% English, which is tested for as |<!babel>|. This too permits the simple
% update of older \texttt{.dbj}, at least for English.
%
% \subsection*{Selecting Language}
% Explicit words in the bibliography style, such as \textsl{and},
%      \textsl{editor}, etc.,
% are represented by functions \texttt{bbl.and}, \texttt{bbl.editor}, and so on.
% By default these functions translate to the normal English text, but
% other languages are also possible.
%
% The definitions of these functions for other languages are contained in
% external files. At this point, we can make use of features in
% \texttt{makebst} (version~3.0 or later) to ask for the name of such a
% definition file, and store it in |\cfile|. If no external file is
% specified, then the internal definitions are taken, for which there are
% two possibilities: English or \LaTeX{} commands (Babel).
%
% The commands |\MBswitch|, |\mes|, |\MBaskfile|, |\wr|, |\pc|, |\spsp| are
% defined in \texttt{makebst.tex}.
%
% If |\MBswitch| does not exist, then the version of \texttt{makebst}
% cannot support external files.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*options>
\expandafter\ifx\csname beginoptiongroup\endcsname\relax
 \mes{^^J******************^^J%
        !!!!!! VERSION CLASH !!!!!!!!!^^J%
        This mbs file requires makebst version 4.0 or more^^J%
        You must update makebst to run it with this mbs file^^J%
        No docstrip batch file can be produced on this run^^J%
         ******************}
 \let\temp\endinput\else\let\temp\relax\fi\temp

\newif\ifnumerical
\newif\ifmytemp
\mes{<<< For more information about the meanings of^^J%
     <<< the various options, see the section on ^^J%
     <<< Menu Information in the .mbs file documentation.}

\umes{EXTERNAL FILES:}
\expandafter\ifx\csname MBswitch\endcsname\relax
 \mes{^^J**************^^J%
        Makebst version is less than 3.0^^J%
        Cannot add external file for language definition^^J%
        **************}
 \umes{No included files.}%
 \def\cfile{}\def\jfile{}%
\else
 \MBaskfile{^^JName of language definition file}(\mroot.\mext)i\cfile
 \edef\ctemp{\mroot.\mext}
 \ifx\ctemp\cfile\def\cfile{}\fi
 \umes{Name of language file: \string\cfile=\cfile.}%
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% A second type of external file that can be added is one containing names
% of journals that are to be prestored into the \texttt{.bst} file.
% Several file names are allowed here, with the root names separated by
% commas, and with the common extension added at the end. To assist later
% parsing of the names, an additional comma is added before the extension.
%
% Note that in this case |\MBaskfile| treats the file(s) as output, i.e.,
% it does not check if the file(s) actually exist.
%
% The macro |\Mgetnext| allows the root names to be extracted from the
% list of file names.
%    \begin{macrocode}
 \def\jfile{}
 \ask{\yn}{^^JInclude file(s) for extra journal names? (NO)}
 \mytempfalse
 \if!\yn!\else\if\yn n\else\if\yn N\else\mytemptrue\fi\fi\fi
 \ifmytemp
  \MBaskfile{^^JFile to include}(physjour,geojour,photjour.mbs)o\jfile
  \edef\jfile{\froot,.\fext}
  \umes{Name of included files: \string\jfile=\jfile.}%
 \else
  \umes{No included files.}%
 \fi
\fi%MBswitch
\def\Mgetnext#1,#2.#3??{\def\froot{#1}\def\Mrest{#2}\def\fext{#3}}
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% If no external files are specified, then both |\cfile| and |\jfile| are
% empty. In this case, do \emph{not} set the options \texttt{head} and
% \texttt{tail}, which control the \dtx{} passes through
% \texttt{filename}. Now only one pass is made.
%
% If there is an external definition file, or if an external list of
% journal names, then some extra text must be
% written to fit in with that already written by \texttt{makebst}. This is
% explained in that documentation. The |\MBswitch| command turns the curly
% braces |{..}| into normal characters, and the parentheses |(..)| take on
% their grouping functionality. This permits unbalances braces to be
% written to the output file.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if!\cfile\jfile!\else
 \begingroup\MBswitch
  \wr(\spsp head,\string\MBopta})
  \if!\cfile!\else
   \wr(\string\from{\cfile}{\string\MBopta})
  \fi
  \if!\jfile!\else
   \let\jxfile\jfile
   \loop
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Parse the list of journal name files, adding a new |\from| for each one.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
    \expandafter\Mgetnext\jxfile??
    \wr(\string\from{\froot.\fext}{\string\MBopta})
    \edef\jxfile(\Mrest.\fext)
    \if!\Mrest!\def\Mtst(1)\else\def\Mtst()\fi
   \if!\Mtst!
   \repeat
  \fi
  \wr(\string\from{\mroot.\mext}{tail,\string\MBopta}})
  \wr(\string\def\string\MBopta{\pc)
 \endgroup
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Ask whether
% explicit English words wanted or \LaTeX{} commands whose definitions are
% to be found in the file \texttt{babelbst.tex}.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{INTERNAL LANGUAGE SUPPORT
 (if no external language file)}%
 {\if!\cfile!\relax*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{English}{words used explicitly}
\optdef{b}{babel}{Babel}
    {(words replaced by commands defined in babelbst.tex)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\if!\cfile!\relax\else
\wr{\spsp\spsp exlang,\pc: External language file}
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Author--year or numerical}
% The first question is whether a numerical or author--year citation style
% is to be used. If the latter, the supporting system is my {\tt
% natbib.sty}, which expects |\bibitem| to have an optional argument
% containing the short form of the authors, plus year in parentheses.
% E.g.,
% \begin{quote}
% |\bibitem[Daly et al.(1990)]{key}...|
% \end{quote}
% There is now a newer version of \texttt{natbib.sty} (v5.3) that
% supports an optional full author list too, as
% \begin{quote}
% |\bibitem[Daly et al.(1990)Daly, Keppler, and Williams]{key}...|
% \end{quote}
% Other systems are also supported, such as the Harvard family of
% bibliography styles (with \texttt{harvard.sty}), which have entries in the
% form
% \begin{quote}
% |\harvarditem[Daly et al.]{Daly, Keppler,|\\
% |       and Williams}{1990}{key}...|
% \end{quote}
% or the astronomy family (with \texttt{astron.sty}) with entries like
% \begin{quote}
% |\bibitem[\protect\astroncite{Daly et al.}{1990}]{key}...|
% \end{quote}
% or the Chicago family (with \texttt{chicago.sty}) with entries like
% \begin{quote}
% |\bibitem[\protect\citeautheryear{Daly, Keppler, and|\\
% |      Williams}{Daly et al.}{1990}]{key}...|
% \end{quote}
% or the `named' variant of Chicago (with \texttt{named.sty}) with entries like
% \begin{quote}
% |\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{Daly et al.}{1990}]{key}...|
% \end{quote}
% or the so-called ``author--date'' group (with \texttt{authordate1-4.sty})
% with entries of the form
% \begin{quote}
% |\bibitem[\protect\citename{Daly et al.}1990]{key}...|
% \end{quote}
% Finally, there is the \texttt{apalike} format of Oren Patashnik, for use
% with \texttt{apalike.sty} that has entries of the form
% \begin{quote}
% |\bibitem[Daly et al., 1990]{key}...|
% \end{quote}
%
% In addition to numerical or author--year citation styles, there is also a
% \texttt{cite} style available in which the label is the same as the cite
% key. This is for listing entire contents of databases with the cite key
% visible.
%
% A flag |\ifnumerical| is established because some of the following menu
% features depend on which system is to be used.
%
% The \texttt{alph} option produces labels as in \texttt{alpha.bst}; options
% \texttt{alf-1} and \texttt{alf-f} modify these. Standard is: first three
% letters of the single author (Dal90 for Daly, 1990) and first letters of
% first three authors (DK90 for Daly and Kopka, 1990). Alternatives are first
% three letters of the first author, no matter how many authors there are, and
% full name of first author.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{STYLE OF CITATIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Numerical}{as in standard LaTeX}
\optdef{a}{ay}{Author-year}{with some non-standard interface}
\optdef{b}{alph}{Alpha style, Jon90 or JWB90}{for single or multiple authors}
\optdef{o}{alph,alf-1}{Alpha style, Jon90}{even for multiple authors}
\optdef{f}{alph,alf-f}{Alpha style, Jones90}{(full name of first author)}
\optdef{c}{cite}{Cite key}{(special for listing contents of bib file)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\if\ans a\numericalfalse\else\numericaltrue\fi
\if\ans b\mytempfalse   \else\mytemptrue   \fi
\beginoptiongroup{HTML OUTPUT
 (if non author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical*\fi}
\optdef{*}{}{Normal LaTeX}{output}
\optdef{h}{html}{Hypertext}{output, in HTML code, in paragraphs}
\optdef{n}{html,htlist}{Hypertext list}{with sequence numbers}
\optdef{k}{html,htdes}{Hypertext with keys}{for viewing databases}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{AUTHOR--YEAR SUPPORT SYSTEM
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}
\optdef{*}{nat}{Natbib}{for use with natbib v5.3 or later}
\optdef{o}{}{Older Natbib}{without full authors citations}
\optdef{l}{alk}{Apalike}{for use with apalike.sty}
\optdef{h}{har}{Harvard}{system with harvard.sty}
\optdef{a}{ast}{Astronomy}{system with astron.sty}
\optdef{c}{cay}{Chicago}{system with chicago.sty}
\optdef{n}{nmd}{Named}{system with named.sty}
\optdef{d}{cn}{Author-date}{system with authordate1-4.sty}
\getans
%    \end{macrocode}
% The \texttt{harvard} family has been extended for \LaTeXe, and the new
% \texttt{.bst} files allow the word \textsl{and} and the brackets around years
% to be variable with commands. These features may be added too.
% The URL field used to be exclusively part of Harvard, but now exists
% independently of it too.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{HARVARD EXTENSIONS INCLUDED
 (if Harvard support selected)}
 {\if\ans h*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{harnm}{With Harvard extensions}{for LaTeX2e version of harvard.sty}
\optdef{n}{}{Older Harvard}{style, for LaTeX 2.09}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Language switching}
% A \texttt{language} field can be present to specify the original language of
% the reference; with \verb!\setlanguge!, the hyphenation patterns are set for
% setting the title in that language.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{LANGUAGE FIELD}{}
\optdef{*}{}{No language field}{}
\optdef{l}{lang}{Add language field}{to switch hyphenation patterns temporarily}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Annotations}
% Annotations to a reference are additional information not normally printed
% out in the list of references. They are used for listing databases.
% The coding here was offered by Soren Dayton.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{ANNOTATIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{No annotations}{will be recognized}
\optdef{a}{annote}{Annotations}{in annote field or in .tex file of citekey name}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Presentations}
% Presentations are talks at meetings, oral or poster, that are not otherwise
% published. The author making the presentation is indicated with the \texttt{key}
% entry, which is the speaker's number within the author list. The font used
% to highlight the speaker is either bold or italics, depending on the secondary
% option, otherwise not highlighted.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{PRESENTATIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Do not add presentation type}{for conference talks}
\optdef{p}{pres}{Add presentation, speaker not highlighted}{}
\optdef{b}{pres,pres-bf}{Presentation, speaker bold face}{}
\optdef{i}{pres,pres-it}{Presentaion, speaker italic}{}
\optdef{c}{pres,pres-sc}{Presentaion, speaker in small caps}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Ordering of the listed references}
%   Choices here depend on citation style. The default in both cases is
% alphabetical order of all authors. For numerical style, one may also
% choose an unsorted order, which means the order is the same as the original
% citations. This corresponds to \texttt{unsrt.bst}. Order of citation is
% also offered for author--year for \texttt{natbib}-type styles that can
% also be used for numerical listings.
%
% Another possibility is to order first by year, then authors. This too only
% makes sense for numerical citations. However, it is offered for author--year
% in the event that a \texttt{natbib}-type style is used for numerical
% listings.
%
% For the alpha style, the ordering is by label only, so no option is
% offered here (|\ifnumerical| is \meta{true} and |\ifmytemp| is \meta{false}).
%
% For author--year, the second choice is by label. (The label is the
% optional |\bibitem| argument, and is what is printed in place of the
% |\cite| command.) With this option, all the papers with the same first
% author are ordered so that the one-author papers come first, followed by
% the two-author papers, followed by the multiple-author papers. This is a
% more sensible system for author--year citations, and is demanded by some
% journals (like JGR).
%
% One problem that can arise here is when two or more references have the
% same set of authors and year; normally they are then ordered by the
% title, ignoring initial words like \textsl{the} and \textsl{a}, with the
% letters a, b,
% c, \dots, added to the year. This can mean that a set of references with
% a natural sequence will be put into a different order. An alternative is
% to order them by the citation keyword instead of by title. This of course
% assumes that the keywords in this case reflect that natural sequence.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\let\ans\relax
\beginoptiongroup{ORDERING OF REFERENCES
 (if non-author/year and non-alph)}
 {\ifnumerical\ifmytemp*\fi\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Alphabetical}{by all authors}
\optdef{c}{seq-no}{Citation order}{(unsorted, like unsrt.bst)}
\optdef{d}{seq-yr}{Year ordered}{and then by authors}
\optdef{r}{seq-yrr}{Reverse year ordered}{and then by authors}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%
\beginoptiongroup{ORDERING OF REFERENCES
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Alphabetical}{by all authors}
\optdef{l}{seq-lab}{By label}%
   {(Jones before Jones and James before Jones et al)}
\optdef{k}{seq-key}{By label and cite key}{instead of label and title, as above}
\optdef{d}{seq-yr}{Year ordered}{and then by authors (for publication lists)}
\optdef{r}{seq-yrr}{Reverse year ordered}{and then by authors (most recent first)}
\optdef{c}{seq-no}{Citation order}{(unsorted, only meaningful for numericals)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% The standard \btx\ styles consider the \emph{von} part of the name to be a
% fixed part of the surname. European usage tends to alphabetize ignoring these
% honorifics.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{ORDER ON VON PART
 (if not citation order)}
 {\if\ans c\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Sort on von part}{(de la Maire before Defoe)}
\optdef{x}{vonx}{Sort without von part}{(de la Maire after Mahone)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Formatting author names}
% The default is that the full names of the authors are listed, given names
% first, unabbreviated. Of course, if only the initials have been given in
% the \texttt{.bib} file, then that is all that can appear in the list. Other
% possibilities are to use initials (even if full names in the \texttt{.bib}
% file) either before or after the surnames. A specialty of the journals of
% the American Geophysical Union is to have only the first name with
% reversed initials.
%
% If the reference is part of a larger work with editors, then the editor
% names appear later in the reference text, usually as ``edited by \dots''
% or as ``\emph{names} (editors)''. In these cases, the editor names are
% not usually reversed (surname first) even if the authors' names are.
% An option is provided to format such editor names exactly as the authors'.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{AUTHOR NAMES:}{}
\optdef{*}{ed-au}{Full, surname last}{(John Frederick Smith)}
\optdef{f}{nm-revf}{Full, surname first}{(Smith, John Frederick)}
\optdef{i}{nm-init,ed-au}{Initials + surname}{(J. F. Smith)}
\optdef{r}{nm-rev}{Surname + initials}{(Smith, J. F.)}
\optdef{s}{nm-rv}{Surname + dotless initials}{(Smith J F)}
\optdef{w}{nm-rvvc}{Surname + comma + spaceless initials}{(Smith, J.F.)}
\optdef{x}{nm-rvx}{Surname + pure initials}{(Smith JF)}
\optdef{y}{nm-rvcx}{Surname + comma + pure initials}{(Smith, JF)}
\optdef{z}{nm-rvv}{Surname + spaceless initials}{(Smith J.F.)}
\optdef{a}{nm-rev1}{Only first name reversed, initials}%
   {(AGU style: Smith, J. F., H. K. Jones)}
\optdef{b}{nm-revv1}{First name reversed, with full names}%
   {(Smith, John Fred, Harry Kab Jones)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\mytempfalse
\if\ans f\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans r\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans s\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans x\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans y\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans a\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans b\mytemptrue\fi
\beginoptiongroup{EDITOR NAMES IN COLLECTIONS
 (if author names reversed)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}
\if\ans r
\optdef{*}{}{Editor names NOT reversed}{as edited by J. J. Smith}
\fi
\if\ans s
\optdef{*}{}{Editor names NOT reversed}{as edited by J J Smith}
\fi
\if\ans a
\optdef{*}{}{Editor names NOT reversed}{as edited by J. J. Smith}
\fi
\if\ans x
\optdef{*}{}{Editor names NOT reversed}{as edited by JJ Smith}
\fi
\if\ans f
\optdef{*}{}{Editor names NOT reversed}{as edited by John James Smith}
\fi
\if\ans y
\optdef{*}{}{Editor names NOT reversed}{as edited by J.J. Smith}
\fi
\if\ans b
\optdef{*}{}{Editor names NOT reversed}{as edited by John James Smith}
\fi
\optdef{r}{ed-rev}{Editor names reversed}{just like authors'}
\getans
\beginoptiongroup{POSITION OF JUNIOR
  (if author names reversed)}
  {}
\optdef{*}{jnrlst}{Junior comes last}{as Smith, John, Jr.}
\optdef{m}{}{Junior between}{as Smith, Jr., John}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{JUNIOR PART IN THE CITATION
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{No `junior' part in the citations}{but in the ref listing}
\optdef{j}{jnrlab}{`Junior' in citations}{as well as in ref listing}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{PUNCTUATION BETWEEN AUTHOR NAMES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Author names separated by commas}{}
\optdef{s}{aunm-semi}{Names separated by semi-colon}{}
\optdef{h}{aunm-sl}{Names separated by slash}{/}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{ADJACENT REFERENCES WITH REPEATED NAMES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Author/editor names always present}{}
\optdef{d}{nmdash}{Repeated author/editor names replaced by dash}{}
\optdef{2}{nmdash,nmd-2}{Repeated author/editor names replaced by 2 dashes}{}
\optdef{3}{nmdash,nmd-3}{Repeated author/editor names replaced by 3 dashes}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Number of authors}
% Normally the complete list of authors as given in the \texttt{.bib} file is
% presented in the reference list. However, some journals prefer to limit
% them to a maximum. If there are more than this maximum number of author
% names, then a minimum number plus \textsl{et al.} are listed.
%
% Because no test for consistency of the numbers is carried out in the
% \texttt{.bst} file itself (it might be possible, but I found it too complex),
% this is done here.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{NUMBER OF AUTHORS IN BIBLIOGRAPHY:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{All authors}{included in listing}
\optdef{l}{nmlm}{Limited authors}{(et al replaces missing names)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\if\ans l
\loop
  \ask{\num}{Maximum number of authors (1-99)}
  \ifnum\num>99\relax
  \mes{*** Must be between 1 and 99}
\repeat
\def\parsenum#1#2{\if#2\relax\wr{\spsp\spsp x#1,\pc: Maximum of #1\space authors}
  \else\wr{\spsp\spsp x#10,x#2,\pc: Maximum of #1#2\space authors}\fi}
\expandafter\parsenum\num\relax
\mes{\spsp You have selected maximum \num\space authors}
\edef\numx{\num}
\loop
  \ask{\num}{Minimum number (before et al given) (1-\numx)}
  \ifnum\num>\numx
  \mes{*** Must be between 1 and \numx}
\repeat
\def\parsenum#1#2{\if#2\relax\wr{\spsp\spsp m#1,\pc: Minimum of #1\space authors}
  \else\wr{\spsp\spsp m#10,m#2,\pc: Minimum of #1#2\space authors}\fi}
\expandafter\parsenum\num\relax
\mes{\spsp You have selected minimum \num\space authors}
\fi

%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Something that I finally add after being asked many times, is to allow for
% more than one name in the citation before inserting \textsl{et~al.}
% to allow more than 2 authors before truncating
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{AUTHORS IN CITATIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{One author et al}{for three or more authors}
\optdef{m}{mcite}{Some other truncation scheme}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\mytempfalse
\if\ans m\mytemptrue\fi
\beginoptiongroup{MAX AUTHORS BEFORE ET AL:
 (if regular cite not selected)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{mct-1}{One et al}{}
\optdef{2}{mct-2}{One, Two et al}{}
\optdef{3}{mct-3}{One, Two, Three et al}{}
\optdef{4}{mct-4}{One, Two, Three, Four et al}{}
\optdef{5}{mct-5}{One, Two, Three, Four, Five et al}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{MAX AUTHORS WITHOUT ET AL:
 (if regular cite not selected)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{mct-x2}{Two authors without truncating}{}
\optdef{3}{mct-x3}{Three authors}{without truncating}
\optdef{4}{mct-x4}{Four authors}{without truncating}
\optdef{5}{mct-x5}{Five authors}{without truncating}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Typeface of names}
% The author names in the list of references normally appear in the current
% typeface. This may be changed to small caps, bold, or italics.
%
% Alternatively, the surnames only can be formatted, with the first names in the
% regular font. One can also specify that the words `and' and `et~al.'\ should be
% in the regular font, or that `et~al.'\ be italic.
%
% Another possibility is that the names be put into a command |\bibnamefont{..}|,
% which must be defined in the \LaTeX\ document. By default, this command does
% not format its argument. There is also a |\bibfnamefont| command for the first
% names, to be user-defined.
%
% Editor names in a collection or in a book will not normally have these
% fonts applied to them; this may be additionally selected.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{TYPEFACE FOR AUTHORS IN LIST OF REFERENCES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Normal font for author names}{}
\optdef{s}{nmft,nmft-sc}{Small caps authors}{(\string\sc)}
\optdef{i}{nmft,nmft-it}{Italic authors}{(\string\it\space or \string\em)}
\optdef{b}{nmft,nmft-bf}{Bold authors}{(\string\bf)}
\optdef{u}{nmft,nmft-def}{User defined author font}{(\string\bibnamefont)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\mytempfalse
\if\ans i\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans s\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans b\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans u\mytemptrue\fi
\beginoptiongroup{FONT FOR FIRST NAMES
 (if non-default font for authors)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{First names same font as surnames}{}
\optdef{r}{fnm-rm}{First names in normal font}{}
\optdef{u}{fnm-def}{First names in user defined font}{(\string\bibfnamefont)}
\getans
\beginoptiongroup{EDITOR NAMES IN INCOLLECTION ETC:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Editors incollection normal font}{}
\optdef{a}{nmfted}{Editors incollection like authors}{font}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{FONT FOR `AND' IN LIST:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{`And' in author font}{(JONES AND JAMES)}
\optdef{r}{nmand-rm}{`And' in normal font}{(JONES and JAMES)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Names in Citation label}
% This applies to author--year style only. The label is the text written
% by the |\cite| command, and for author--year style, this is something like
% `Daly et al.\ (1990b)'. One may select italics for the authors and for the
% extra label attached to the year. The year always remains plain.
%
% This parallels the font selection for the names in the list of references
% except that there no choice for the first names, since only surnames
% are used in the labels. A user-defined |\citefontname| may also
% be selected, but this \emph{must} be defined by the user since there
% will be no default definition for it.
%
% If a font is selected for the cited authors, then the word `and' may be
% optionally put in the normal font.
%
% It is not possible to select the type of brackets for the year, since
% this is determined by the \LaTeX{} style option that manages the
% author--year citations. This is not standard \LaTeX, so that there are a
% number of private style files for achieving this.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{FONT OF CITATION LABELS IN TEXT
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Cited authors plain}{as result of \string\cite\space command}
\optdef{i}{lab,lab-it}{Cited authors italic}{}
\optdef{s}{lab,lab-sc}{Cited authors small caps}{}
\optdef{b}{lab,lab-bf}{Cited authors bold}{}
\optdef{u}{lab,lab-def}{User defined citation font}{(\string\citenamefont)}
\getans

\mytempfalse
\if\ans i\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans s\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans b\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans u\mytemptrue\fi
\beginoptiongroup{FONT FOR `AND' IN CITATIONS
 (if non-default font for citation lables)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Cited `and' in author font}{}
\optdef{r}{and-rm}{Cited `and' in normal font}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{FONT OF EXTRA LABEL
 (The extra letter on the year)}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Extra label plain}{}
\optdef{i}{xlab-it}{Extra label italic}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Label for missing author names}
%
% If the author and/or editor is missing, the standard \texttt{.bst} files
% use the \texttt{key} field in place of the names for purposes of ordering the
% entries.
%
% For author--year styles, the \texttt{key} field is even inserted in the
% reference list and in the label in place of the authors. Optionally, one can
% suppress the year in this case, which causes \texttt{natbib} (version~7)
% to print only that key text as a code designation for the work. Thus if
% \texttt{KEY = "CS1-345"} and there are no authors, then |\citep| produces
% (CS1-345) and |\citet| simply CS1-345. That is, they behave like
% |\citeauthor|. If \texttt{natbib} did not recognize the blank year, one would
% get (CS1-345, ) and CS1-345 (). (Earlier versions of \texttt{natbib} crash on
% a blank year.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{LABEL WHEN AUTHORS MISSING
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{keyxyr}{Year blank when KEY replaces missing author}{(for natbib 7.0)}
\optdef{y}{}{Year included when KEY replaces missing author}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Missing date}
% A missing date can be set to ???? or simply left blank. In the latter case,
% \texttt{natbib} version~7 will print only the authors without any year
% punctuation or brackets.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{MISSING DATE
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Missing date set to ????}{in label and text}
\optdef{b}{blkyear}{Missing date left blank}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Position of date}
% This applies to author--year style only. It makes sense to put the date
% immediately after the author list, since the two items (author and year)
% are the identifiers of the reference. Default position is at the
% end of the references, before any notes. It is also possible to place
% it even after the notes.
%
% Medical journals have a system where the date is part of the journal
% specification, as Lancet 1994;45(2):34--40. Otherwise the date appears at
% the end.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{DATE POSITION:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Date at end}{}
\optdef{b}{dt-beg}{Date after authors}{}
\optdef{j}{dt-jnl}{Date part of journal spec.}{(as 1994;45:34-40) else at end}
\optdef{e}{dt-end}{Date at very end}{after any notes}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\if\ans b\mytemptrue\else\if\ans j\mytemptrue\else\mytempfalse\fi\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Format of date}
% The year may be enclosed in parentheses, brackets, or preceded by a
% colon. If none of these are selected, the date (month plus year) appears.
% For author--year, the date normally consists only of the year, no month,
% but this may be overridden.
%
% If the date comes just after the authors, then one might want special
% punctuation following it, like a colon, or space only. The latter is
% probably desirable if the date is brackets or parentheses.
%
% The date can even be put into bold face.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{DATE FORMAT
 (if non author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Plain month and year}{without any brackets}
\optdef{p}{yr-par}{Date in parentheses}{as (May 1993)}
\optdef{b}{yr-brk}{Date in brackets}{as [May 1993]}
\optdef{c}{yr-col}{Date preceded by colon}{as `: May 1993'}
\optdef{d}{yr-per}{Date preceded by period}{as `. May 1993'}
\optdef{m}{yr-com}{Date preceded by comma}{as `, May 1993'}
\optdef{s}{yr-blk}{Date preceded by space}{only, as ` May 1993'}
\getans
\beginoptiongroup{SUPPRESS MONTH:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Date is month and year}{}
\optdef{x}{xmth}{Date is year only}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{REVERSED DATE
 (if including month)}
 {\if\ans x\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Date as month year}{}
\optdef{r}{dtrev}{Date as year month}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{DATE FORMAT
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Year plain}{without any brackets}
\optdef{p}{yr-par}{Year in parentheses}{as (1993)}
\optdef{b}{yr-brk}{Year in brackets}{as [1993]}
\optdef{c}{yr-col}{Year preceded by colon}{as `: 1993'}
\optdef{d}{yr-per}{Year preceded by period}{as `. 1993'}
\optdef{m}{yr-com}{Date preceded by comma}{as `, 1993'}
\optdef{s}{yr-blk}{Year preceded by space}{only, as ` 1993'}
\getans
\beginoptiongroup{INCLUDE MONTHS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Date is year only}{without the month}
\optdef{m}{aymth}{Include month in date}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{REVERSED DATE
 (if including month)}
 {\if\ans m*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Date as month year}{}
\optdef{r}{dtrev}{Date as year month}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{DATE PUNCTUATION
 (if date not at end)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Date with standard block punctuation}{(comma or period)}
\optdef{c}{yrp-col}{Colon after date}{as 1994:}
\optdef{s}{yrp-semi}{Semi-colon after date}{as 1994;}
\optdef{p}{yrp-per}{Period after date}{even when blocks use commas}
\optdef{x}{yrp-x}{No punct. after date}{}
\getans
\beginoptiongroup{BLANK AFTER DATE:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Space after date}{and punctuation}
\optdef{x}{yrpp-xsp}{No space after date}{as 1994:45}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{DATE FONT:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Date in normal font}{}
\optdef{b}{dtbf}{Date in bold face}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Normally in author--year citations, the \texttt{year} entry is truncated
% to the last 4 characters, which should be the 4 digits of the year. Some
% users have requested the possibility of suppressing this truncation so
% that they may put text in the \texttt{year} field, such as ``in press.''
% Another use for it is when years are given as ``1968--72''. Actually,
% I have no idea why the year should be truncated at all.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{TRUNCATE YEAR
 (if author-year citations)}
 {\ifnumerical\else*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{note-yr}{Year text full}{as 1990--1993 or `in press'}
\optdef{t}{}{Year truncated}{to last 4 digits}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Article title in journal}
% The title of an article in a journal or in a collection (a book, or
% conference proceedings) may appear plain, in italics, within single
% or double quotes or even in guillemets. The last is best with T1 coding; a
% poor man's version for OT1 is provided; \LaTeXe\ is required in both cases.
%
% Furthermore, it may have sentence capitalization (first
% word and word following colon) or be capitalized as in the \texttt{.bib} file
% entry. That is why it is recommended to capitalize the entry text as it
% should appear when fully capitalized, putting words that are always
% capitalized in braces. Example:
% \begin{quote}
% |TITLE="The Results of the {Giotto} Mission"|
% \end{quote}
% which produces either ``The results of the Giotto mission'' or ``The
% Results of the Giotto Mission'', depending on option.
%
% Additionally, the article titles may be fully suppressed.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{TITLE OF ARTICLE:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Title plain}{with no special font}
\optdef{i}{tit-it}{Title italic}{(\string\em)}
\optdef{q}{tit-qq,qt-s}{Title and punctuation in single quotes}{(`Title,' ..)}
\optdef{d}{tit-qq}{Title and punctuation in double quotes}{(``Title,'' ..)}
\optdef{g}{tit-qq,qt-g}{Title and punctuation in guillemets}{(<<Title,>> ..)}
\optdef{x}{tit-qq,qt-s,qx}{Title in single quotes}{(`Title', ..)}
\optdef{y}{tit-qq,qx}{Title in double quotes}{(``Title'', ..)}
\optdef{z}{tit-qq,qt-g,qx}{Title in guillemets}{(<<Title>>, ..)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\mytempfalse
\if\ans q\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans d\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans g\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans x\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans y\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans z\mytemptrue\fi
\beginoptiongroup{COLLECTION/PROCEEDINGS TITLES
 (if quoted title)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{bt-qq}{Quote collection and proceedings titles}{too}
\optdef{x}{}{Collection and proceedings titles not in quotes}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{CAPITALIZATION OF ARTICLE TITLE:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Sentence style}{(capitalize first word and those in braces)}
\optdef{t}{atit-u}{Title style}{(just as in bib entry)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{ARTICLE TITLE PRESENT:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Article title present}{in journals and proceedings}
\optdef{x}{jtit-x}{No article title}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Journal names}
% Abbreviated journal names normally contain periods; the periods may be
% removed with this option. In fact, only letters, numbers, and spacing are
% retained.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{JOURNAL NAMES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Periods in journal names}{are retained, as `Phys. Rev.'}
\optdef{x}{jxper}{Dotless journal names}{as `Phys Rev'}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% Journal name is normally printed in italics; can be left in normal font.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{JOURNAL NAME FONT:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Journal name italics}{}
\optdef{r}{jttl-rm}{Journal name normal}{font}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Title of Theses and Technical Reports}
% The title of a these (PhD or Master's) is normally treated the same
% as that of a book. Optionally, it may be formatted like that of
% an article.
%
% The title of a technical report is normally treated the same as that
% of an article. Optionally, it may be formatted like that of a book.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{THESIS TITLE:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Thesis titles like books}{}
\optdef{a}{thtit-a}{Thesis title like article}{}
\optdef{x}{thtit-x}{No thesis title}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{TECHNICAL REPORT TITLE:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Tech. report title like articles}{}
\optdef{b}{trtit-b}{Tech. report title like books}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{TECHNICAL REPORT NUMBER:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Tech. report and number plain}{as `Tech. Rep. 123'}
\optdef{i}{trnum-it}{Tech. report and number italic}%
      {as `{\string\it\space Tech. Rep. 123'}}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Journal reference}
% Great diversity of opinion exists as to how a journal reference is to be
% formatted. It consists of a volume, possibly a number, and page limits.
% The number is really only necessary if the page numbers within one volume
% start at 1 for each physical `number'. Since journals are often bound
% together in one volume later, it makes more sense to number the pages
% continuously through the whole volume.
%
% I am only aware of one journal that used to reset the pagination for each
% `number', in which case the number was part of the page designation.
% I had erroneously provided an option \texttt{vnum-pg} to achieve this, but I
% now realize that instead, for this one journal, the database entries must
% contain \texttt{pages="(2)33--2(55)"}. This option has been removed at
% version 3.84.
%
% A number of styles for journal specifications are
% \begin{quote}
%   \begin{tabular}{l@{\qquad}l}
% 21(2):33--55             & 21, no.\ 2: 33--55\\
% \textbf{21}(2):33--55    & \textbf{21}, \#2, 33--55\\
% \textit{21}(2), 33--55   & \textit{21} (2); 33--55 \\
% 21(2) (1995) 33--55      & 21(1995), 33-55\\
% 21(2) 33--55             & vol.~21 (2), pp.~33--55
%   \end{tabular}
% \end{quote}
%
% Here both start and stop page numbers have been given; often only the
% start page is wanted.
%
% It is also possible to include the year as part of the journal specification,
% in which case the year is always in parentheses, attached snugly or with space
% to the volume, or preceding the pages.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{JOURNAL VOLUME:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Volume plain}{as vol(num)}
\optdef{i}{vol-it}{Volume italic}{as {\string\em\space vol}(num)}
\optdef{b}{vol-bf}{Volume bold}{as {\string\bf\space vol}(num)}
\optdef{d}{vol-2bf}{Volume and number bold}{as {\string\bf\space vol(num)}}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% The form of the `number' is also given: in parentheses, with `no.',
% with \#, or omitted. The \texttt{vnum-b} option is meant to be used
% with \texttt{jdt-v} and \texttt{jdt-vs} but could be used alone.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{JOURNAL VOL AND NUMBER:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Journal vol(num)}{as 34(2)}
\optdef{s}{vnum-sp}{Journal vol (num)}{as 34 (2)}
\optdef{c}{vnum-cm}{Journal vol, num}{as 34, 2}
\optdef{n}{vnum-nr}{Journal vol, no. num}{as 34, no. 2}
\optdef{h}{vnum-h}{Journal vol, \string\# number}{as 34, \string\#2}
\optdef{b}{vnum-b}{Journal vol number}{as 34 2}
\optdef{x}{vnum-x}{Journal vol, without number}{as 34}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{VOLUME PUNCTUATION:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Volume with colon}{as vol(num):ppp}
\optdef{s}{volp-sp}{Volume with colon and space}{as vol(num): ppp}
\optdef{h}{volp-semi}{Volume with semi-colon}{as vol(num); ppp}
\optdef{c}{volp-com}{Volume with comma}{as vol(num), ppp}
\optdef{b}{volp-blk}{Volume with blank}{as vol(num) ppp}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{YEAR IN JOURNAL SPECIFICATION:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Journal year like others}{as given by date position}
\optdef{v}{jdt-v}{Journal vol(year)}{as 34(1995)}
\optdef{s}{jdt-vs}{Journal vol (year)}{as 34 (1995)}
\optdef{p}{jdt-p}{Year with pages}{as 34(2), (1995) 1345--1387}
\optdef{c}{jdt-pc}{Year, comma, pages}{as 34(2), (1995), 1345--1387}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{PAGE NUMBERS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Start and stop page numbers}{given}
\optdef{f}{jpg-1}{Only start page number}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{LARGE PAGE NUMBERS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{No separators for large page numbers}{}
\optdef{c}{pgsep-c}{Comma inserted over 9999}{as 11,234}
\optdef{s}{pgsep-s}{Thin space inserted over 9999}{as 11 234}
\optdef{p}{pgsep-p}{Period inserted over 9999}{as 11.234}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{WORD `PAGE' IN ARTICLES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Article pages numbers only}{as 234-256}
\optdef{p}{jwdpg}{Include `page' in articles}{as pp. 234--256}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Some journals want page numbers at the end, even for books, proceedings, as
% well as for journals.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{POSITION OF PAGES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Pages given mid text}{as is normal}
\optdef{e}{pp-last}{Pages at end}{but before any notes}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{WORD `VOLUME' IN ARTICLES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Article volume as number only}{as 21}
\optdef{p}{jwdvol}{Include `volume' in articles}{as vol. 21}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Fiddle with the format and location of the number/series for collections and
% inproceedings.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{NUMBER AND SERIES FOR COLLECTIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{num-xser}{Allows number without series}{and suppresses word "number"}
\optdef{s}{}{Standard BibTeX}{as: "number 123 in Total Works"; error if number and no series}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{POSITION OF NUMBER AND SERIES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{After chapter and pages}{as in standard BibTeX}
\optdef{t}{numser}{Just before publisher}{or organization}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Fiddle with the format and location of series and volume with books and collections.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{VOLUME AND SERIES FOR BOOKS/COLLECTIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Vol. 23 of Series}{as in standard BibTeX}
\optdef{s}{ser-vol}{Series, vol. 23}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{POSITION OF VOLUME AND SERIES FOR INCOLLECTIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Series and volume after the editors}{}
\optdef{e}{ser-ed}{Series and volume after booktitle}{and before editors}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% It is possible to decide whether the journal name should be
% separated from the following specifications with a blank or comma.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{JOURNAL NAME PUNCTUATION:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Comma after journal}{name}
\optdef{x}{jnm-x}{Space after journal}{name}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Books}
% The title of a book (as opposed to an article in a book or journal) is
% normally italicized. This may be set to the regular font.
%
% The page numbers in books may be set in parentheses, as (pp.\ 345--350).
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{BOOK TITLE:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Book title italic}{(\string\em)}
\optdef{p}{btit-rm,bt-rm}{Book title plain}{(no font command)}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{PAGES IN BOOKS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Pages in book plain}{as pp. 50-55}
\optdef{p}{bkpg-par}{Pages in book in parentheses}{as (pp. 50-55)}
\optdef{x}{bkpg-x}{Pages in book bare}{as 50-55}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{TOTAL PAGES OF A BOOK:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Total book pages not printed}{}
\optdef{p}{pg-bk}{For book: 345 pages}{or pp.}
\optdef{a}{pg-bk,pg-pre}{Total book pages before publisher}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
% Some psychology journals wish to have the publisher's address preceding
% the name, separated by colon, as
% \begin{quote}New York: Wiley and Sons\end{quote}
%
% Some journals (e.g.\ Nature) put publisher in parentheses with date,
% as (Wiley and Sons, New York, 1983). These normally put the date in
% parentheses at the end anyway, so this is a merging of the two sets of
% parentheses.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{PUBLISHER ADDRESS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Publisher, address}{as Harcourt, New York}
\optdef{a}{add-pub}{Address: Publisher}{as New York: Harcourt}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{PUBLISHER IN PARENTHESES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Publisher as normal block}{without parentheses}
\optdef{p}{pub-par}{Publisher in parentheses}{}
\optdef{d}{pub-date}{Publisher and date in parentheses}{(Oxford, 1994)}
\optdef{c}{pub-date,pub-xc}{Publisher and date in parentheses, no comma}{(Oxford 1994)}
\optdef{f}{pub-date,pub-xpar}{Publisher and date without parentheses}{Oxford, 1994}
\optdef{k}{pub-date,pub-xpar,pub-xc}{Publisher and date, no parentheses, no comma}{Oxford 1994}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{PUBLISHER POSITION:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Publisher after chapter, pages}{}
\optdef{p}{pre-pub}{Publisher before chapter, pages}{}
\optdef{e}{pre-edn}{Publisher after edition}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{ISBN, ISSN, DOI numbers}
% Books normally possess an ISBN number. This may be included as an
% optional entry for \texttt{book}, \texttt{inbook}, \texttt{booklet},
% \texttt{incollection}, \texttt{proceedings}, \texttt{inproceedings}.
% However, it should be suppressed for \texttt{inbook} etc.\ when
% there is a crossref to another book with the ISBN number.
%
% Periodicals contain an ISSN number. Add this to \texttt{article}, or
% course, but also to \texttt{inproceedings} and \texttt{proceedings}, since
% they are sometimes printed in a periodical.
%
% Journal articles that appear online are given a DOI number, something more
% robust than a URL that can change as machines are upgraded.
% The American Geophysical Union (AGU) uses the DOI as part of the
% page number substitution for electronic journals, placing the number
% where the pages would normally appear.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{ISBN NUMBER:}{}
\optdef{*}{isbn}{Include ISBN}{for books, booklets, etc.}
\optdef{x}{}{No ISBN}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{ISSN NUMBER:}{}
\optdef{*}{issn}{Include ISSN}{for periodicals}
\optdef{x}{}{No ISSN}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{DOI NUMBER:}{}
\optdef{*}{doi}{Include DOI}{as "doi: number"}
\optdef{a}{agu-doi,doi}{Insert DOI AGU style}{as part of page number}
\optdef{x}{}{No DOI}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Editor of book without author}
%
% This is normally
% \begin{quote}
%  J. K. James, editor
% \end{quote}
% but may also be
% \begin{quote}
%  J. K. James, (editor)\\
%  J. K. James (editor),
% \end{quote}
% Alternatively, the word \textsl{editor} may be capitalized and/or
% abbreviated.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{`EDITOR' AFTER NAMES (EDITED BOOKS WITHOUT AUTHORS):}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Word `editor' after name}{}
\optdef{a}{edpar}{`Name (editor),'}{in parentheses, after name, comma after}
\optdef{b}{edpar,bkedcap}{`Name (Editor),'}{as above, editor upper case}
\optdef{c}{edparc}{`Name, (editor)'}{in parentheses, after name, comma between}
\optdef{d}{edparc,bkedcap}{`Name, (Editor)'}{as above, editor upper case}
\optdef{e}{edparxc}{`Name (editor)'}{in parentheses, after name, no commas}
\optdef{f}{edparxc,bkedcap}{`Name (Editor)'}{as above, editor upper case}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Edited by}
% For an article within an edited collection, the normal form is
% \begin{quote}
% In J. K. James, editor, \emph{Title of Collection} \dots
% \end{quote}
% Alternative forms are
% \begin{quote}
% In J. K. James (editor), \emph{Title} \dots\\
% In \emph{Title}, edited by J. K. James \dots\\
% In \emph{Title} (Edited by J. K. James) \dots
% \end{quote}
% If none of the \texttt{edby} variations is used, then the same system is
% used as for edited books, i.e. \texttt{edpar} applies.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{EDITOR IN COLLECTIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Same as for edited book}{(names before booktitle)}
\optdef{b}{edby}{In booktitle, edited by .. }{(where .. is names)}
\optdef{p}{edby-par}{In booktitle (edited by ..)}{}
\optdef{c}{edby-parc}{In booktitle, (edited by ..)}{}
\optdef{e}{edby,edbyx}{In booktitle, editor ..}{}
\optdef{f}{edby,edbyw}{In booktitle, (editor) ..}{}
\optdef{k}{edby-par,edbyx}{In booktitle (editor..)}{}
\optdef{g}{edby-parc,edbyx}{In booktitle, (editor..)}{}
\optdef{j}{edby,edbyy}{In booktitle, .., editor}{}
\optdef{m}{edby-par,edbyy}{In booktitle (.., editor)}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\mytempfalse
\if\ans p\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans k\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans c\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans f\mytemptrue\fi
\beginoptiongroup{CAPITALIZE `EDITOR' OR `EDITED BY'
 (if editor capitalizable)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{`(editor,..)' or `(edited by..)'}{in lower case}
\optdef{c}{edcap}{`(Editor,..)' or `(Edited by..)'}{in upper case}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Block punctuation}
% Blocks are logical sections of the reference specification, such as the
% author block, the journal block, editor block, etc. These are normally
% separated by periods, but alternatively a comma may be used. Another
% choice is to use commas except after titles where a period is given.
%
% \LaTeX\ offers an \texttt{openbib} option, which means that the blocks
% are not only new sentences, but new lines as well. This can only
% function when the default option here is taken, for then the command
% |\newblock| is placed between the blocks. This command is normally
% defined to do nothing, but \LaTeX\ redefines it to issue a new line
% when open bibliographies are wanted.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{PUNCTUATION BETWEEN SECTIONS (BLOCKS):}{}
\optdef{*}{}{\string\newblock\space after blocks}
   {(periods or new lines with openbib option)}
\optdef{c}{blk-com}{Comma between blocks}{}
\optdef{s}{blk-com,com-semi}{Semi-colon between blocks}{}
\optdef{b}{blk-com,com-blank}{Blanks between blocks}{}
\optdef{t}{blk-tit}{Period after titles of articles, books, etc}{else commas}
\optdef{u}{blk-tit,tit-col}{Colon after titles of articles, books, etc}{else commas}
\optdef{a}{blk-tita}{Period after titles of articles}{else commas}
\optdef{d}{blk-tita,tit-col}{Colon after titles of articles}{else commas}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\mytempfalse
\if\ans c\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans s\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans b\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans t\mytemptrue\fi
\if\ans a\mytemptrue\fi
\beginoptiongroup{PUNCTUATION BEFORE NOTES
 (if not using \string\newblock)}
 {\ifmytemp*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{Notes have regular punctuation}{like all other blocks}
\optdef{p}{blknt}{Notes preceded by period}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{PUNCTUATION AFTER AUTHORS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Author block normal}{with regular block punctuation}
\optdef{c}{au-col}{Author block with colon}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{\textsl{In} with colon}
% When referring to works in a collection, one begins the block describing
% that collection with \textsl{In}. Optionally, one may add a colon.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{PUNCTUATION AFTER `IN':}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Space after `in'}{for incollection or inproceedings}
\optdef{c}{in-col}{Colon after `in'}{(as `In: ...')}
\optdef{i}{in-it}{Italic `in'}{and space}
\optdef{d}{in-col,in-it}{Italic `in' and colon}{}
\optdef{x}{in-x}{No word `in'}{for edited works}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{`IN' WITH JOURNAL NAMES
 (if using 'in' with collections)}
 {\if\ans x\else*\fi}
\optdef{*}{}{No `in' before journal name}{}
\optdef{i}{injnl}{Add `in' before journal name}{in style for incollection}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Final punctuation}
% The punctuation at the end of the reference is normally a period. This
% may be suppressed.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{FINAL PUNCTUATION:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Period at very end}{of the listed reference}
\optdef{x}{fin-bare}{No period at end}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Abbreviations}
% A number of words may be abbreviated: pages, editors, volume, chapter,
% and so on. The first two may be independently set to abbreviation, the
% rest with a single option.
%
% Additionally, the edition numbers may be
% output as words (first, second, etc.) or as numbers (1st, 2nd, etc.).
% (Recall that the input in the \texttt{.bib} file is always as English
% words.)
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{ABBREVIATE WORD `PAGES'
 (if not using external language file)}
 {\if!\cfile!\relax*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{`Page(s)'}{(no abbreviation)}
\optdef{a}{pp}{`Page' abbreviated}{as p. or pp.}
\optdef{x}{ppx}{`Page' omitted}{}
\getans
\beginoptiongroup{ABBREVIATE WORD `EDITORS':}{}
\optdef{*}{}{`Editor(s)'}{(no abbreviation)}
\optdef{a}{ed}{`Editor' abbreviated}{as ed. or eds.}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{No abbreviations}{of volume, edition, chapter, etc}
\optdef{a}{abr}{Abbreviations}{of such words}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{ABBREVIATION FOR `EDITION'
 (if abbreviating words)}
 {\if\ans a*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{}{`Edition' abbreviated as `edn'}{}
\optdef{a}{ednx}{`Edition' abbreviated as `ed'}{}
\getans
\beginoptiongroup{MONTHS WITH DOTS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Months with dots}{as Jan.}
\optdef{x}{mth-bare}{Months without dots}{as Feb Mar}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{EDITION NUMBERS:}{}
\optdef{*}{xedn}{Editions as in database}{saving much processing memory}
\optdef{w}{}{Write out editions}{as first, second, third, etc}
\optdef{n}{ord}{Numerical editions}{as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% The above choices about abbreviations are made only if the internal
% languages are taken (English or \texttt{babel}). For an external language
% definition file, these choices, along with possible other ones, are made
% in the external file, which is read in at this point.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\umes{Reading external language file \string\cfile=\cfile}%
\if!\cfile!\relax\else
 \input\cfile
\fi
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% This file contains the standard set of stored journal names present in
% the basic bibliography style files. If other files containing journal
% names are to be included, they may only contain the options \texttt{jabr}
% or \texttt{jaa} since these options are selected here. No option
% menus from the journal-name files will be read in.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{STORED JOURNAL NAMES:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Full journal names}{for prestored journals}
\optdef{a}{jabr}{Abbreviated journal names}{}
\optdef{s}{jabr,jaa}{Abbreviated with astronomy shorthands}{like ApJ and AJ}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Variations on \textsl{and}}
% It is possible to replace the word \textsl{and} with an ampersand \&, and to
% specify whether a comma is to precede \textsl{and} in a list of more than two
% names.
%
% A variable \textsl{and} may be provided for with the command |\BIBand|
% in place of the word. In this case, the command must be defined in the
% document file or some other package called. (This is intended for situations
% where an ampersand is wanted in parenthetical citations, but the word in
% textual ones.)
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{AMPERSAND:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Use word `and'}{in author lists}
\optdef{a}{amper}{Use ampersand}{in place of `and'}
\optdef{v}{varand}{Use \string\BIBand}{in place of `and'}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{COMMA BEFORE `AND':}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Comma before `and'}{as `Tom, Dick, and Harry'}
\optdef{n}{and-xcom}{No comma before `and'}{as `Tom, Dick and Harry'}
\optdef{c}{and-com}{Comma even with 2 authors}{as `Tom, and Harry'}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{COMMA BEFORE `AND' EVEN FOR COLLECTION EDITORS
 (if using comma before `and' with authors)}
 {\if\ans c*\fi}%
\optdef{*}{and-com-ed}{Comma with 2 editors}{in collections}
\optdef{x}{}{Two editors without comma}{as `Tom and Harry'}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\beginoptiongroup{NO `AND' IN REFERENCE LIST:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{With `and'}{before last author in reference list}
\optdef{x}{xand}{No `and'}{as `Tom, Dick, Harry'}
\getans
\endoptiongroup

\beginoptiongroup{COMMA BEFORE `ET AL':}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Comma before `et al'}{in reference list}
\optdef{x}{etal-xc}{No comma before `et al'}{}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Font of \textsl{et al}}
% One can chose that \textsl{et~al.}\ be put into italics.
% Or, if the authors are in a different font from the regular one, the
% \textsl{et~al.}\ can still be Roman.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{FONT OF `ET AL':}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Plain et al}{}
\optdef{i}{etal-it}{Italic et al}{}
\optdef{r}{etal-rm}{Roman et al}{even when authors something else}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Additional Data Fields}\label{sec:revtex}
% \changes{3.89d1}{1999 July 20}{AO: add the revdata option group}
% The American Physical Society's REV\TeX\ package contains \btx\ support
% with a \texttt{bst} file generated from a variant of
% \texttt{\filename}. The extra fields are also available here.
% \begin{itemize}
% \item \textbf{collaboration}: A collaboration name associated with a
% reference.
% \item \textbf{eprint}: The e-print citation for the reference (Los Alamos
% or otherwise). E-print numbers can be turned into hyperlinks to the
% online article. The output is\\
%    \hspace*{2em}|\eprint{|\textit{eprint-spec}|}|
% \item \textbf{archive}: is an optional argument for |\eprint|, as\\
%    \hspace*{2em}|\eprint[|\textit{archive-des}|]{|\textit{eprint-spec}|}|\\
% The \textit{archive-des} is some code such as \texttt{arXiv} that is
% translated to a base URL by a class or package file. The default definition
% of |\eprint| ignores \textit{archive-des} and prints \textit{eprint-spec}
% as a URL.
% \item \textbf{url}: A URL associated with the reference. Can be turned
% into a hyperlink.
% \end{itemize}
%
% A collaboration appears as part of the author list and the other two
% appear at the end of the citaton. The URL field can be selected
% independently of this option.
%
% In addition there are new fields for journals like Phys.\ Rev.~D that
% no longer use page numbers.
% \begin{itemize}
% \item \textbf{eid}: Electronic article identifier.
% \item \textbf{numpages}: Number of pages in an article. For use in
% conjunction with the \textbf{eid} field when page counts are
% desired. Deprecated when submitting to Phys.\ Rev.
%
% The \texttt{eprint} (with \texttt{archive}) and \texttt{url} fields may be
% included independently of the other REV\TeX\ fields.
%
% The \texttt{eid} field is now always included, although it is optional for
% the bibliography entries. This electronic identifier is a replacement for the
% page number in electronic journals: it is the sequence number in the printed
% volume. If present, it will be used in place of the page number.
%
% \end{itemize}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{ADDITIONAL REVTeX DATA FIELDS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{No additional fields}{for REVTeX}
\optdef{r}{revdata,eprint,url,url-blk}{Include REVTeX data fields}
 {collaboration, eid, eprint, archive, numpages, url}
\getans
\mytemptrue
\if\ans r\mytempfalse\fi
\beginoptiongroup{E-PRINT DATA FIELD:
(without REVTeX fields)}
{\ifmytemp*\fi}
\optdef{*}{}{Do not include eprint field}{}
\optdef{e}{eprint}{Include eprint and archive fields}{for electronic publications}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{URL address}
% For electronic documents with an Internet address, add a URL entry.
% Harvard already has this, but here it is done for all styles.
% The URL text will be set with the \verb!\url! command in the \texttt{url}
% package by Donald Arseneau. This package must be loaded for the command
% to work right. It allows line breaks at punctuations. Otherwise,
% \verb!\texttt! is used instead, with no line breaks. The URL text is preceded
% by \verb!\urlprefix! which defaults to ``URL '' but may be redefined by the
% user to be whatever s/he wants. The final space must be included.
%
% Note: selecting the REV\TeX\ fields automatically includes this, so the
% offer only is made if REV\TeX\ has been rejected.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{URL ADDRESS:
(without REVTeX fields)}{\ifmytemp*\fi}
\optdef{*}{}{No URL}{for electronic (Internet) documents}
\optdef{u}{url,url-blk}{Include URL}{as regular item block}
\optdef{n}{url,url-nt}{URL as note}{}
\optdef{l}{url,url-nl}{URL on new line}{after rest of reference}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Reference Component Tagging}
% \changes{3.89d1}{1999 July 20}{AO: add the bibinfo option group}
% If reference component tagging is enabled, we
% apply tags like |\bibinfo| and |\eprint| to the fields of data
% in the content of the |\bibitem| statement. We also ensure that
% these commands have a default meaning within the scope of the |thebibliography|
% environment. The default definitions simply print the field and ignore the
% tag. However, other programs or packages might make use of the tag
% information to separate authors from title, for example.
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{REFERENCE COMPONENT TAGS:}{}
\optdef{*}{}{No reference component tags}
 {in the \string\bibitem\space entries}
\optdef{b}{bibinfo}{Reference component tags}
 {like \string\bibinfo\space in the content of \string\bibitem}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Define emphasis}
% In everything that been mentioned so far, italicization should be
% understood to mean `emphasize' in the \LaTeX{} sense. This means that the
% command |\em| is used. This is not the same as |\it|, which is always
% italics. Rather, with |\em|, the font style switches between |\rm| and
% |\it| depending on the context. Here one may choose to true italics, or
% to switch off italics altogether.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{EMPHASIS:
 (affects all so-called italics)}{}
\optdef{*}{}{Use emphasis}{ie, \string\em, allows font switching}
\optdef{i}{em-it}{Use true italics}{ie, \string\it, absolute italics}
\optdef{x}{em-x}{No italics}{at all}
\optdef{u}{em-ul}{Underlining}{in place of italics, best with ulem package}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% \subsection*{Plain \TeX\ compatibility}
% Bold face, italics, and emphasis are made with the \LaTeXe\ commands,
% which makes them incompatible with the obsolete \LaTeX2.09, and with
% Plain \TeX. There are also some extra testing for existing commands
% that best work with \LaTeXe\ syntax.
%
% If the bibliography style file is to be fully compatible with Plain \TeX,
% do not select the option \texttt{nfss} but do take \texttt{plntx}.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\beginoptiongroup{COMPATIBILITY WITH PLAIN TEX:}{}
\optdef{*}{nfss}{Use LaTeX commands}{which may not work with Plain TeX}
\optdef{t}{plntx}{Use only Plain TeX}{commands for fonts and testing}
\getans
\endoptiongroup
%    \end{macrocode}
%
% Terminate the options list. If a language definition file has been called,
% then we have a closing brace too many, so add another dummy opening brace.
%    \begin{macrocode}
\if!\cfile\jfile!\else
\begingroup\MBswitch
\wr(,{\pc)
\endgroup
\fi

\endoptions
%</options>
%    \end{macrocode}
% \StopEventually{\PrintChanges}
%
% \section{The Bibliographic Coding}
%
%    \begin{macrocode}
%<*!options&!driver&!bblbst>
%<*!tail>
 %   For use with BibTeX version 0.99a or later
 %-------------------------------------------------------------------
%<*(!nmft&(nmft-it|nmft-sc|nmft-bf|nmft-def))|(!lab&(lab-it|lab-bf|lab-sc|lab-def))>
 %  WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING WARNING
 %  The input dbj file contains one of the options
%<nmft-it|nmft-sc|nmft-bf|nmft-def> %        nmft-it, nmft-bf, nmft-sc, or nmft-def
%<lab-it|lab-sc|lab-bf|lab-def> %        lab-it, lab-bf, lab-sc, or lab-def
 %  without the corresponding general option(s):
%<nmft-it|nmft-sc|nmft-bf|nmft-def> %              nmft
%<lab-it|lab-sc|lab-bf|lab-def> %              lab
 %  (You may be using an older dbj with a newer version of merlin.mbs)
 %  Please edit your dbj file to add the general option(s) and reprocess.
 %
%</(!nmft&(nmft-it|nmft-sc|nmft-bf|nmft-def))|(!lab&(lab-it|lab-bf|lab-sc|lab-def))>
%<*!exlang>
%<!babel> % This bibliography style file is intended for texts in ENGLISH
%<*babel>
 % This bibliography style file requires a file named  babelbst.tex
 %   containing the definitions of word commands like \bbleditor, etc.
%</babel>
%</!exlang>
%<*exlang>
 % This bibliography style file is intended for texts in
%<bahasa> %   BAHASA
%<brazilian> %   BRAZILIAN
%<catalan> %   CATALAN
%<croatian> %   CROATIAN
%<czech> %   CZECH
%<danish> %   DANISH
%<dansk> %   DANSK
%<dutch> %   DUTCH
%<english> %   ENGLISH
%<esperanto> %   ESPERANTO
%<finnish> %   FINNISH
%<french> %   FRENCH
%<galacian> %   GALACIAN
%<german> %   GERMAN
%<hungarian> %   HUNGARIAN
%<italian> %   ITALIAN
%<norwegian> %   NORWEGIAN
%<norsk> %   NORWEGIAN
%<polski> %   POLISH
%<polish> %   POLISH
%<portuguese> %   PORTUGUESE
%<romanian> %   ROMANIAN
%<russian> %   RUSSIAN
%<slovak> %   SLOVAK
%<slovenian> %   SLOVENIAN
%<slovene> %   SLOVENIAN
%<spanish> %   SPANISH
%<swedish> %   SWEDISH
%<turkish> %   TURKISH
%</exlang>
%<*!html>
%<*ay>
 % This is an author-year citation style bibliography. As such, it is
 % non-standard LaTeX, and requires a special package file to function properly.
 % Such a package is    natbib.sty   by Patrick W. Daly
%<*alk>
 % or:                  apalike.sty  by Oren Patashnik
 % The form of the \bibitem entries is
 %   \bibitem[Jones et al., 1990]{key}...
%</alk>
%<*!(har|ast|alk|cay|nmd|cn)>
 % The form of the \bibitem entries is
 %   \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)]{key}...
%<nat> %   \bibitem[Jones et al.(1990)Jones, Baker, and Smith]{key}...
 % The essential feature is that the label (the part in brackets) consists
 % of the author names, as they should appear in the citation, with the year
 % in parentheses following. There must be no space before the opening
 % parenthesis!
%<nat> % With natbib v5.3, a full list of authors may also follow the year.
 % In natbib.sty, it is possible to define the type of enclosures that is
 % really wanted (brackets or parentheses), but in either case, there must
 % be parentheses in the label.
 % The \cite command functions as follows:
 %   \citet{key} ==>>                Jones et al. (1990)
%<nat> %   \citet*{key} ==>>               Jones, Baker, and Smith (1990)
 %   \citep{key} ==>>                (Jones et al., 1990)
%<nat> %   \citep*{key} ==>>               (Jones, Baker, and Smith, 1990)
 %   \citep[chap. 2]{key} ==>>       (Jones et al., 1990, chap. 2)
 %   \citep[e.g.][]{key} ==>>        (e.g. Jones et al., 1990)
 %   \citep[e.g.][p. 32]{key} ==>>   (e.g. Jones et al., p. 32)
 %   \citeautho